Q9ZP54
SS
Gene name |
PARP1 (At2g31320, F16D14.16) |
Protein name |
Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 |
Names |
PARP-1 , EC 2.4.2.30 , NAD, + ADP-ribosyltransferase 1 , ADPRT-1 , Poly[ADP-ribose] synthase 1 , Protein ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP1 , EC 2.4.2.- |
Species |
Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) |
KEGG Pathway |
ath:AT2G31320 |
EC number |
2.4.2.30: Pentosyltransferases |
Protein Class |
|
Descriptions
PARP2, also known as ARTD2, is an enzyme that becomes activated by DNA damage, specifically by 5′-phosphorylated DNA ends. It catalyzes poly-ADP-ribosylation, a post-translational modification involved in DNA repair processes. PARP2 plays a crucial role in DNA damage detection and repair, with its activity being essential for maintaining genomic stability and proper cellular function in response to genotoxic stress. In its inactive state, PARP2’s regulatory domain (RD) covers the active site, preventing substrate NAD+ binding. DNA damage recognition leads to RD unfolding and reorganization, enabling the enzyme to access and modify target macromolecules for ADP-ribosylation. The activation of PARP2 by DNA damage induces significant conformational changes in the enzyme, which relieve its autoinhibited state. This allows PARP2 to bind NAD+ and histone PARylation factor 1 (HPF1), altering its residue specificity during DNA repair.
Autoinhibitory domains (AIDs)
Target domain |
759-983 (ART domain) |
Relief mechanism |
Ligand binding, Others |
Assay |
|
Accessory elements
No accessory elements
Autoinhibited structure
Activated structure
0 structures for Q9ZP54
| Entry ID | Method | Resolution | Chain | Position | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No available structures | |||||
71 variants for Q9ZP54
| Variant ID(s) | Position | Change | Description | Diseaes Association | Provenance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ENSVATH01933363 | 2 | A>T | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13359564_A_C | 5 | H>Q | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13359516_T_G | 21 | K>N | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637827 | 31 | N>K | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13358651_G_T | 60 | T>K | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13358636_G_A | 65 | S>L | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13358491_C_A | 87 | V>F | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637798 | 93 | S>N | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637797 | 98 | S>G | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637796 | 100 | G>S | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH14575303 | 101 | T>I | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13358433_G_A | 106 | T>I | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH00255729 | 111 | K>E | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH00255729 | 111 | K>Q | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH13494265 | 131 | E>D | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13358199_A_T | 152 | L>M | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637786 | 163 | M>V | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637785 | 177 | S>I | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637784 | 195 | P>R | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13358061_T_C | 198 | K>E | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637783 | 199 | T>I | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637778 | 202 | A>T | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13357922_G_A | 207 | T>I | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13357888_A_T | 218 | D>E | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637776 | 220 | V>G | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH13494236 | 223 | E>G | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637775 | 228 | A>T | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637774 | 230 | S>T | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637772 | 247 | K>R | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637770 | 249 | M>L | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13357790_G_T | 251 | A>D | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13357711_T_C,G | 277 | E>D | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13357704_C_T | 280 | E>K | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH13494235 | 313 | L>F | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13357422_C_T | 324 | G>E | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637759 | 343 | K>I | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH13494211 | 374 | R>H | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637750 | 377 | L>S | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13356940_G_A | 428 | H>Y | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637739 | 444 | T>I | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637734 | 472 | K>R | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH13494174 | 479 | F>L | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13356607_T_G | 481 | K>Q | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13356601_T_C | 483 | K>E | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH00255727 | 507 | G>D | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13356477_G_A | 524 | T>I | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637731 | 551 | D>E | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH01933353 | 554 | V>I | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13356320_C_G,A | 576 | K>N | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13356297_T_C | 584 | K>R | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH14575300 | 589 | E>K | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13356071_C_G,T | 631 | Q>H | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13356058_G_T | 636 | L>I | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637720 | 639 | S>P | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637713 | 686 | E>K | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13355652_C_G | 709 | S>T | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH01933351 | 718 | S>F | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13355594_A_T | 728 | D>E | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637711 | 729 | D>N | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637704 | 768 | H>N | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637703 | 774 | L>V | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13355340_C_T | 782 | R>Q | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637702 | 790 | T>R | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13355130_T_G | 824 | K>N | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13355129_G_T | 825 | L>I | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13354730_C_A | 876 | A>S | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH13494142 | 899 | E>G | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637668 | 912 | P>L | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637667 | 915 | G>E | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_2_13354440_A_C | 929 | D>E | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05637654 | 981 | H>Q | No | 1000Genomes |
No associated diseases with Q9ZP54
Functions
| Description | ||
|---|---|---|
| EC Number | 2.4.2.30 | Pentosyltransferases |
| Subcellular Localization |
|
|
| PANTHER Family | ||
| PANTHER Subfamily | ||
| PANTHER Protein Class | ||
| PANTHER Pathway Category | No pathway information available | |
1 GO annotations of cellular component
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| nucleolus | A small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is rich in RNA and protein, is not bounded by a limiting membrane, and is not seen during mitosis. Its prime function is the transcription of the nucleolar DNA into 45S ribosomal-precursor RNA, the processing of this RNA into 5.8S, 18S, and 28S components of ribosomal RNA, and the association of these components with 5S RNA and proteins synthesized outside the nucleolus. This association results in the formation of ribonucleoprotein precursors; these pass into the cytoplasm and mature into the 40S and 60S subunits of the ribosome. |
6 GO annotations of molecular function
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| DNA binding | Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively and non-covalently with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). |
| NAD binding | Binding to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH. |
| NAD+ ADP-ribosyltransferase activity | Catalysis of the reaction |
| NAD+-protein ADP-ribosyltransferase activity | Catalysis of the reaction |
| nucleotidyltransferase activity | Catalysis of the transfer of a nucleotidyl group to a reactant. |
| zinc ion binding | Binding to a zinc ion (Zn). |
6 GO annotations of biological process
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| DNA ADP-ribosylation | The covalent attachment of an ADP-ribosyl group to a residue in double-stranded DNA. |
| DNA repair | The process of restoring DNA after damage. Genomes are subject to damage by chemical and physical agents in the environment (e.g. UV and ionizing radiations, chemical mutagens, fungal and bacterial toxins, etc.) and by free radicals or alkylating agents endogenously generated in metabolism. DNA is also damaged because of errors during its replication. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported that include direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway. |
| double-strand break repair | The repair of double-strand breaks in DNA via homologous and nonhomologous mechanisms to reform a continuous DNA helix. |
| protein poly-ADP-ribosylation | The transfer of multiple ADP-ribose residues from NAD to a protein amino acid, forming a poly(ADP-ribose) chain. |
| response to abscisic acid | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abscisic acid stimulus. |
| response to oxidative stress | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals. |
14 homologous proteins in AiPD
| UniProt AC | Gene Name | Protein Name | Species | Evidence Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| P18493 | PARP1 | Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 | Bos taurus (Bovine) | SS |
| P26446 | PARP1 | Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 | Gallus gallus (Chicken) | SS |
| P35875 | Parp | Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase | Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) | SS |
| P09874 | PARP1 | Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| Q9Y6F1 | PARP3 | Protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP3 | Homo sapiens (Human) | PR |
| Q9UGN5 | PARP2 | Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| O50017 | PARP2 | Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 | Zea mays (Maize) | SS |
| O88554 | Parp2 | Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| P11103 | Parp1 | Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| P27008 | Parp1 | Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | SS |
| Q0JMY1 | PARP2-B | Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2-B | Oryza sativa subsp. japonica (Rice) | SS |
| Q5Z8Q9 | PARP2-A | Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2-A | Oryza sativa subsp. japonica (Rice) | SS |
| Q11207 | PARP2 | Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | SS |
| Q5RHR0 | parp1 | Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 | Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (Brachydanio rerio) | SS |
| 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 |
| MASPHKPWRA | EYAKSSRSSC | KTCKSVINKE | NFRLGKLVQS | THFDGIMPMW | NHASCILKKT |
| 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 |
| KQIKSVDDVE | GIESLRWEDQ | QKIRKYVESG | AGSNTSTSTG | TSTSSTANNA | KLEYGIEVSQ |
| 130 | 140 | 150 | 160 | 170 | 180 |
| TSRAGCRKCS | EKILKGEVRI | FSKPEGPGNK | GLMWHHAKCF | LEMSSSTELE | SLSGWRSIPD |
| 190 | 200 | 210 | 220 | 230 | 240 |
| SDQEALLPLV | KKALPAAKTE | TAEARQTNSR | AGTKRKNDSV | DNEKSKLAKS | SFDMSTSGAL |
| 250 | 260 | 270 | 280 | 290 | 300 |
| QPCSKEKEME | AQTKELWDLK | DDLKKYVTSA | ELREMLEVNE | QSTRGSELDL | RDKCADGMMF |
| 310 | 320 | 330 | 340 | 350 | 360 |
| GPLALCPMCS | GHLSFSGGLY | RCHGYISEWS | KCSHSTLDPD | RIKGKWKIPD | ETENQFLLKW |
| 370 | 380 | 390 | 400 | 410 | 420 |
| NKSQKSVKPK | RILRPVLSGE | TSQGQGSKDA | TDSSRSERLA | DLKVSIAGNT | KERQPWKKRI |
| 430 | 440 | 450 | 460 | 470 | 480 |
| EEAGAEFHAN | VKKGTSCLVV | CGLTDIRDAE | MRKARRMKVA | IVREDYLVDC | FKKQRKLPFD |
| 490 | 500 | 510 | 520 | 530 | 540 |
| KYKIEDTSES | LVTVKVKGRS | AVHEASGLQE | HCHILEDGNS | IYNTTLSMSD | LSTGINSYYI |
| 550 | 560 | 570 | 580 | 590 | 600 |
| LQIIQEDKGS | DCYVFRKWGR | VGNEKIGGNK | VEEMSKSDAV | HEFKRLFLEK | TGNTWESWEQ |
| 610 | 620 | 630 | 640 | 650 | 660 |
| KTNFQKQPGK | FLPLDIDYGV | NKQVAKKEPF | QTSSNLAPSL | IELMKMLFDV | ETYRSAMMEF |
| 670 | 680 | 690 | 700 | 710 | 720 |
| EINMSEMPLG | KLSKHNIQKG | FEALTEIQRL | LTESDPQPTM | KESLLVDASN | RFFTMIPSIH |
| 730 | 740 | 750 | 760 | 770 | 780 |
| PHIIRDEDDF | KSKVKMLEAL | QDIEIASRIV | GFDVDSTESL | DDKYKKLHCD | ISPLPHDSED |
| 790 | 800 | 810 | 820 | 830 | 840 |
| YRLIEKYLNT | THAPTHTEWS | LELEEVFALE | REGEFDKYAP | HREKLGNKML | LWHGSRLTNF |
| 850 | 860 | 870 | 880 | 890 | 900 |
| VGILNQGLRI | APPEAPATGY | MFGKGIYFAD | LVSKSAQYCY | TCKKNPVGLM | LLSEVALGEI |
| 910 | 920 | 930 | 940 | 950 | 960 |
| HELTKAKYMD | KPPRGKHSTK | GLGKKVPQDS | EFAKWRGDVT | VPCGKPVSSK | VKASELMYNE |
| 970 | 980 | ||||
| YIVYDTAQVK | LQFLLKVRFK | HKR |