Descriptions

Myosin-7 (MYH7, also named Myosin heavy chain, cardiac muscle β isoform) is an actin-based motor molecule with ATPase activity essential for muscle contraction. Several mutations in MYH7 are frequent causes of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), a disease characterized by hypercontractility and eventual hypertrophy of the left ventricle. Many HCM-causing mutations appear to reduce myosin's ability to form an autoinhibited state. In an autoinhibited state, the myosin heads fold back onto their own subfragment 2 (S2) tail in a conformation known as the interacting heads motif (IHM). One of the two heads in the dimer has its actin-binding interface buried in the folded structure; this head is referred to as the blocked head, while the other is called the free head, since its actin-binding interface is not hidden structurally. Many myosin types have the folded back IHM structure. The IHM structure correlates to an ultra-low basal ATPase rate in the absence of an action called the 'super relaxed state'. Heads lacking the S2 tail mostly have a faster basal ATPase rate referred to as the 'disordered relaxed state'. Especially, mutations in the myosin lever arm or the pliant region of the lever arm can affect myosin function either by altering its intrinsic motor activity, and/or reducing its ability to form the autoinhibited state.

Autoinhibitory domains (AIDs)

Target domain

126-868 (Myosin head, motor domain)

Relief mechanism

Partner binding

Assay

Accessory elements

No accessory elements

Autoinhibited structure

Activated structure

1 structures for Q99323

Entry ID Method Resolution Chain Position Source
AF-Q99323-F1 Predicted AlphaFoldDB

No variants for Q99323

Variant ID(s) Position Change Description Diseaes Association Provenance
No variants for Q99323

No associated diseases with Q99323

8 regional properties for Q99323

Type Name Position InterPro Accession
domain Dbl homology (DH) domain 23 - 214 IPR000219
domain DEP domain 390 - 464 IPR000591-1
domain DEP domain 492 - 566 IPR000591-2
conserved_site Guanine-nucleotide dissociation stimulator, CDC24, conserved site 162 - 187 IPR001331
domain PDZ domain 592 - 674 IPR001478-1
domain PDZ domain 677 - 749 IPR001478-2
domain Pleckstrin homology domain 245 - 363 IPR001849
domain PREX2, DEP domain 1 382 - 462 IPR037367

Functions

Description
EC Number
Subcellular Localization
  • Cell projection, cilium
  • Cytoplasm
  • Expression in neurons and scolopale cells is increased at the apical tips of cilia (PubMed:27331610)
  • During embryo cellularization, located in foci at the edges of the furrow canal tips (PubMed:33835025)
PANTHER Family
PANTHER Subfamily
PANTHER Protein Class
PANTHER Pathway Category No pathway information available

12 GO annotations of cellular component

Name Definition
actomyosin contractile ring A cytoskeletal structure composed of actin filaments and myosin that forms beneath the plasma membrane of many cells, including animal cells and yeast cells, in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the spindle, i.e. the cell division plane. In animal cells, the contractile ring is located at the cleavage furrow. In budding fungal cells, e.g. mitotic S. cerevisiae cells, the contractile ring forms at the mother-bud neck before mitosis.
apicomedial cortex The region that lies just beneath the plasma membrane in the middle of the apical edge of a cell.
basal cortex The region that lies just beneath the plasma membrane on the basal edge of a cell.
cell cortex The region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins.
cell leading edge The area of a motile cell closest to the direction of movement.
cell-cell contact zone Extended zone of intimate apposition between two cells containing one or more types of intercellular junctions, e.g., the intercalated disk of muscle.
cilium A specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface and of some cytoplasmic parts. Each cilium is largely bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic (plasma) membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored to a basal body.
cleavage furrow The cleavage furrow is a plasma membrane invagination at the cell division site. The cleavage furrow begins as a shallow groove and eventually deepens to divide the cytoplasm.
cytosol The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
myosin filament A supramolecular fiber containing myosin heavy chains, plus associated light chains and other proteins, in which the myosin heavy chains are arranged into a filament.
myosin II complex A myosin complex containing two class II myosin heavy chains, two myosin essential light chains and two myosin regulatory light chains. Also known as classical myosin or conventional myosin, the myosin II class includes the major muscle myosin of vertebrate and invertebrate muscle, and is characterized by alpha-helical coiled coil tails that self assemble to form a variety of filament structures.
Z disc Platelike region of a muscle sarcomere to which the plus ends of actin filaments are attached.

6 GO annotations of molecular function

Name Definition
actin filament binding Binding to an actin filament, also known as F-actin, a helical filamentous polymer of globular G-actin subunits.
ATP binding Binding to ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.
calmodulin binding Binding to calmodulin, a calcium-binding protein with many roles, both in the calcium-bound and calcium-free states.
identical protein binding Binding to an identical protein or proteins.
microfilament motor activity A motor activity that generates movement along a microfilament, driven by ATP hydrolysis.
myosin light chain binding Binding to a light chain of a myosin complex.

30 GO annotations of biological process

Name Definition
anterior midgut development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the anterior midgut over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
border follicle cell migration The directed movement of a border cell through the nurse cells to reach the oocyte. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
cellular response to mechanical stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mechanical stimulus.
compartment boundary maintenance A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a compartment boundary. A compartment boundary is a lineage restriction boundary within a developing tissue which does not correspond to some morphological barrier.
cuticle pattern formation The regionalization process that gives rise to the patterns of cell differentiation in the cuticle.
cytoskeleton-dependent cytokinesis A cytokinesis that involves the function of a set of proteins that are part of the microfilament or microtubule cytoskeleton.
dorsal closure The process during Drosophila embryogenesis whereby the ectodermal cells of the lateral epithelium stretch in a coordinated fashion to internalize the amnioserosa cells and close the embryo dorsally.
dorsal closure, amnioserosa morphology change The changes that occur during dorsal closure of the shape and structure of the amnioserosa, an epithelium that occupies the dorsal side of the embryo.
dorsal closure, leading edge cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a leading edge cell, the dorsal-most cells of the epidermis that migrates during dorsal closure.
dorsal closure, spreading of leading edge cells Dorsally-directed movement of a cell at the leading edge of the epithelium over the amnioserosa.
eye-antennal disc morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures derived from the eye-antennal disc are generated and organized. This includes the transformation of an eye-antennal imaginal disc from a monolayered epithelium in the larvae of holometabolous insects into recognizable adult structures including the eye, antenna, head capsule and maxillary palps.
head involution Movement of the anterior ectoderm to the interior of the embryo.
imaginal disc-derived wing hair organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an imaginal disc-derived wing hair. A wing hair is an actin-rich, polarized, non-sensory apical projection that protrudes from each of the approximately 30,000 wing epithelial cells. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
left/right axis specification The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the left/right axis. The left/right axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and dorsal/ventral axes. Each side is defined from the viewpoint of the organism rather of the observer (as per anatomical axes).
maintenance of protein location in cell Any process in which a protein is maintained in a specific location within, or in the membrane of, a cell, and is prevented from moving elsewhere.
Malpighian tubule morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the Malpighian tubule are generated and organized. This process takes place entirely during the embryonic phase. A Malpighian tubule is a fine, thin-walled excretory tubule in insects which leads into the posterior part of the gut.
mitotic cytokinesis A cell cycle process that results in the division of the cytoplasm of a cell after mitosis, resulting in the separation of the original cell into two daughter cells.
morphogenesis of an epithelial fold The morphogenetic process in which an epithelial sheet bends along a linear axis.
muscle contraction A process in which force is generated within muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis.
myofibril assembly Formation of myofibrils, the repeating units of striated muscle.
myosin II filament assembly The formation of a bipolar filament composed of myosin II molecules.
positive regulation of border follicle cell migration Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of border follicle cell migration.
regulation of establishment of planar polarity Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the establishment of planar polarity, the coordinated organization of groups of cells in a tissue, such that they all orient to similar coordinates.
regulation of myoblast fusion Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast fusion.
regulation of tube length, open tracheal system Ensuring that a tube in an open tracheal system is of the correct length.
salivary gland morphogenesis The process in which the anatomical structures of the salivary gland are generated and organized.
sarcomere organization The myofibril assembly process that results in the organization of muscle actomyosin into sarcomeres. The sarcomere is the repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs.
sensory perception of sound The series of events required for an organism to receive an auditory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Sonic stimuli are detected in the form of vibrations and are processed to form a sound.
spiracle morphogenesis, open tracheal system The process in which the anatomical structures of a spiracle are generated and organized. Spiracles are the openings in the insect open tracheal system; externally they connect to the epidermis and internally they connect to the tracheal trunk.
wound healing The series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury.

46 homologous proteins in AiPD

UniProt AC Gene Name Protein Name Species Evidence Code
Q9BE40 MYH1 Myosin-1 Bos taurus (Bovine) SS
Q9BE41 MYH2 Myosin-2 Bos taurus (Bovine) SS
Q9BE39 MYH7 Myosin-7 Bos taurus (Bovine) SS
Q27991 MYH10 Myosin-10 Bos taurus (Bovine) SS
P02565 MYH1B Myosin-1B Gallus gallus (Chicken) SS
P13538 Myosin heavy chain, skeletal muscle, adult Gallus gallus (Chicken) SS
P14105 MYH9 Myosin-9 Gallus gallus (Chicken) SS
P10587 MYH11 Myosin-11 Gallus gallus (Chicken) SS
P05661 Mhc Myosin heavy chain, muscle Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) SS
P12882 MYH1 Myosin-1 Homo sapiens (Human) SS
Q9UKX2 MYH2 Myosin-2 Homo sapiens (Human) SS
Q9Y623 MYH4 Myosin-4 Homo sapiens (Human) SS
A7E2Y1 MYH7B Myosin-7B Homo sapiens (Human) SS
Q9Y2K3 MYH15 Myosin-15 Homo sapiens (Human) SS
P12883 MYH7 Myosin-7 Homo sapiens (Human) EV
P13535 MYH8 Myosin-8 Homo sapiens (Human) SS
P13533 MYH6 Myosin-6 Homo sapiens (Human) SS
Q9UKX3 MYH13 Myosin-13 Homo sapiens (Human) SS
P11055 MYH3 Myosin-3 Homo sapiens (Human) SS
Q7Z406 MYH14 Myosin-14 Homo sapiens (Human) SS
P35749 MYH11 Myosin-11 Homo sapiens (Human) SS
P35579 MYH9 Myosin-9 Homo sapiens (Human) SS
P35580 MYH10 Myosin-10 Homo sapiens (Human) SS
Q5SX39 Myh4 Myosin-4 Mus musculus (Mouse) SS
P13542 Myh8 Myosin-8 Mus musculus (Mouse) SS
Q02566 Myh6 Myosin-6 Mus musculus (Mouse) SS
A2AQP0 Myh7b Myosin-7B Mus musculus (Mouse) SS
Q91Z83 Myh7 Myosin-7 Mus musculus (Mouse) SS
P13541 Myh3 Myosin-3 Mus musculus (Mouse) SS
Q5SX40 Myh1 Myosin-1 Mus musculus (Mouse) SS
Q6URW6 Myh14 Myosin-14 Mus musculus (Mouse) SS
Q8VDD5 Myh9 Myosin-9 Mus musculus (Mouse) SS
Q61879 Myh10 Myosin-10 Mus musculus (Mouse) SS
O08638 Myh11 Myosin-11 Mus musculus (Mouse) SS
P79293 MYH7 Myosin-7 Sus scrofa (Pig) SS
Q9TV63 MYH2 Myosin-2 Sus scrofa (Pig) SS
P12847 Myh3 Myosin-3 Rattus norvegicus (Rat) SS
P02563 Myh6 Myosin-6 Rattus norvegicus (Rat) SS
P02564 Myh7 Myosin-7 Rattus norvegicus (Rat) SS
Q29RW1 Myh4 Myosin-4 Rattus norvegicus (Rat) SS
Q9JLT0 Myh10 Myosin-10 Rattus norvegicus (Rat) SS
Q62812 Myh9 Myosin-9 Rattus norvegicus (Rat) SS
P02566 unc-54 Myosin-4 Caenorhabditis elegans SS
P12844 myo-3 Myosin-3 Caenorhabditis elegans SS
P02567 myo-1 Myosin-1 Caenorhabditis elegans SS
P12845 myo-2 Myosin-2 Caenorhabditis elegans SS
10 20 30 40 50 60
MKSAWLALKS KSALHPKSEY PVSNIHYPKA ANYRQTRNYL EIAAKMSEEV DRNDPELKYL
70 80 90 100 110 120
SVERNQFNPI RPRRPSGHRS VLVWVPHENQ GFVAASIKRE HGDEVEVELA ETGKRVMILR
130 140 150 160 170 180
DDIQKMNPPK FDKVEDMAEL TCLNEASVLH NIKDRYYSGL IYTYSGLFCV VVNPYKKLPI
190 200 210 220 230 240
YTEKIMERYK GIKRHEVPPH VFAITDSAYR NMLGDREDQS ILCTGESGAG KTENTKKVIQ
250 260 270 280 290 300
FLAYVAASKP KGSGAVPHPA VLINFSVNTN KYIKVKIMAQ NQNQTIEVVN GLKMVEVNSN
310 320 330 340 350 360
CQEGELEQQL LQANPILEAF GNAKTVKNDN SSRFGKFIRI NFDASGFISG ANIETYLLEK
370 380 390 400 410 420
SRAIRQAKDE RTFHIFYQLL AGATPEQREK FILDDVKSYA FLSNGSLPVP GVDDYAEFQA
430 440 450 460 470 480
TVKSMNIMGM TSEDFNSIFR IVSAVLLFGS MKFRQERNND QATLPDNTVA QKIAHLLGLS
490 500 510 520 530 540
VTDMTRAFLT PRIKVGRDFV TKAQTKEQVE FAVEAIAKAC YERMFKWLVN RINRSLDRTK
550 560 570 580 590 600
RQGASFIGIL DMAGFEIFEL NSFEQLCINY TNEKLQQLFN HTMFILEQEE YQREGIEWKF
610 620 630 640 650 660
IDFGLDLQPT IDLIDKPGGI MALLDEECWF PKATDKTFVD KLVSAHSMHP KFMKTDFRGV
670 680 690 700 710 720
ADFAIVHYAG RVDYSAAKWL MKNMDPLNEN IVSLLQGSQD PFVVNIWKDA EIVGMAQQAL
730 740 750 760 770 780
TDTQFGARTR KGMFRTVSHL YKEQLAKLMD TLRNTNPNFV RCIIPNHEKR AGKIDAPLVL
790 800 810 820 830 840
DQLRCNGVLE GIRICRQGFP NRIPFQEFRQ RYELLTPNVI PKGFMDGKKA CEKMIQALEL
850 860 870 880 890 900
DSNLYRVGQS KIFFRAGVLA HLEEERDFKI SDLIVNFQAF CRGFLARRNY QKRLQQLNAI
910 920 930 940 950 960
RIIQRNCAAY LKLRNWQWWR LYTKVKPLLE VTKQEEKLVQ KEDELKQVRE KLDTLAKNTQ
970 980 990 1000 1010 1020
EYERKYQQAL VEKTTLAEQL QAEIELCAEA EESRSRLMAR KQELEDMMQE LETRIEEEEE
1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080
RVLALGGEKK KLELNIQDLE EQLEEEEAAR QKLQLEKVQL DAKIKKYEED LALTDDQNQK
1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140
LLKEKKLLEE RANDLSQTLA EEEEKAKHLA KLKAKHEATI TELEERLHKD QQQRQESDRS
1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200
KRKIETEVAD LKEQLNERRV QVDEMQAQLA KREEELTQTL LRIDEESATK ATAQKAQREL
1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260
ESQLAEIQED LEAEKAARAK AEKVRRDLSE ELEALKNELL DSLDTTAAQQ ELRSKREQEL
1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320
ATLKKSLEEE TVNHEGVLAD MRHKHSQELN SINDQLENLR KAKTVLEKAK GTLEAENADL
1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380
ATELRSVNSS RQENDRRRKQ AESQIAELQV KLAEIERARS ELQEKCTKLQ QEAENITNQL
1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 1440
EEAELKASAA VKSASNMESQ LTEAQQLLEE ETRQKLGLSS KLRQIESEKE ALQEQLEEDD
1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500
EAKRNYERKL AEVTTQMQEI KKKAEEDADL AKELEEGKKR LNKDIEALER QVKELIAQND
1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560
RLDKSKKKIQ SELEDATIEL EAQRTKVLEL EKKQKNFDKI LAEEKAISEQ IAQERDTAER
1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620
EAREKETKVL SVSRELDEAF DKIEDLENKR KTLQNELDDL ANTQGTADKN VHELEKAKRA
1630 1640 1650 1660 1670 1680
LESQLAELKA QNEELEDDLQ LTEDAKLRLE VNMQALRSQF ERDLLAKEEG AEEKRRGLVK
1690 1700 1710 1720 1730 1740
QLRDLETELD EERKQRTAAV ASKKKLEGDL KEIETTMEMH NKVKEDALKH AKKLQAQVKD
1750 1760 1770 1780 1790 1800
ALRDAEEAKA AKEELQALSK EADGKVKALE AEVLQLTEDL ASSERARRAA ETERDELAEE
1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860
IANNANKGSL MIDEKRRLEA RIATLEEELE EEQSNSEVLL DRSRKAQLQI EQLTTELANE
1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920
KSNSQKNENG RALLERQNKE LKAKLAEIET AQRTKVKATI ATLEAKIANL EEQLENEGKE
1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980
RLLQQKANRK MDKKIKELTM NIEDERRHVD QHKEQMDKLN SRIKLLKRNL DETEEELQKE
1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040
KTQKRKYQRE CEDMIESQEA MNREINSLKT KLRRTGGIGL SSSRLTGTPS SKRAGGGGGS
2050
DDSSVQDESL DGEDSAN