| apoptotic process |
A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died. |
| B-1 B cell homeostasis |
The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of B cells of the B-1 subset such that the total number of B-1 B cells within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus. B-1 B cells are a distinct subset of B cells characterized as being CD5 positive, found predominantly in the peritoneum, pleural cavities, and spleen, and enriched for self-reactivity. |
| cell migration |
The controlled self-propelled movement of a cell from one site to a destination guided by molecular cues. |
| cellular response to hydrogen peroxide |
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) stimulus. |
| cellular response to lipopolysaccharide |
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipopolysaccharide stimulus; lipopolysaccharide is a major component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria. |
| cytoskeleton organization |
A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures. |
| establishment of protein localization to vacuole |
The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in a vacuole. |
| inflammatory response |
The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages. |
| marginal zone B cell differentiation |
The process in which a B cell in the spleen acquires the specialized features of a marginal zone B cell. Marginal zone B cells are localized in a distinct anatomical region of the spleen that represents the major antigen-filtering and scavenging area (by specialized macrophages resident there). It appears that they are preselected to express a BCR repertoire similar to B-1 B cells, biased toward bacterial cell wall constituents and senescent self-components (such as oxidized LDL). |
| negative regulation of autophagy |
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of autophagy. Autophagy is the process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm. |
| negative regulation of B cell activation |
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of B cell activation. |
| negative regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction |
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of -kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling. |
| negative regulation of CD40 signaling pathway |
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signaling via the CD40 signaling pathway. |
| negative regulation of chronic inflammatory response |
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a chronic inflammatory response. |
| negative regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity |
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity. |
| negative regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process |
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell apoptotic process. |
| negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway |
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway. |
| negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors |
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors. |
| negative regulation of granuloma formation |
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of granuloma formation. |
| negative regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion |
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion. |
| negative regulation of inflammatory response |
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response. |
| negative regulation of innate immune response |
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response. |
| negative regulation of interleukin-1 beta production |
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-1 beta production. |
| negative regulation of interleukin-2 production |
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-2 production. |
| negative regulation of interleukin-6 production |
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-6 production. |
| negative regulation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 1 signaling pathway |
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 1 (NOD1) pathway. |
| negative regulation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathway |
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2) pathway. |
| negative regulation of protein ubiquitination |
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of ubiquitin groups to a protein. |
| negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation |
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation. |
| negative regulation of toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway |
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway. |
| negative regulation of toll-like receptor 5 signaling pathway |
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 5 signaling pathway. |
| negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production |
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of tumor necrosis factor production. |
| positive regulation of hepatocyte proliferation |
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hepatocyte proliferation. |
| positive regulation of protein catabolic process |
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds. |
| positive regulation of Wnt signaling pathway |
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Wnt signal transduction. |
| protein deubiquitination |
The removal of one or more ubiquitin groups from a protein. |
| protein K11-linked deubiquitination |
A protein deubiquitination process in which a K11-linked ubiquitin chain, i.e. a polymer of ubiquitin formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 11 of the ubiquitin monomers, is removed from a protein. |
| protein K48-linked deubiquitination |
A protein deubiquitination process in which a K48-linked ubiquitin chain, i.e. a polymer of ubiquitin formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 48 of the ubiquitin monomers, is removed from a protein. |
| protein K48-linked ubiquitination |
A protein ubiquitination process in which a polymer of ubiquitin, formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 48 of the ubiquitin monomers, is added to a protein. K48-linked ubiquitination targets the substrate protein for degradation. |
| protein K63-linked deubiquitination |
A protein deubiquitination process in which a K63-linked ubiquitin chain, i.e. a polymer of ubiquitin formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 63 of the ubiquitin monomers, is removed from a protein. |
| proteolysis |
The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds. |
| regulation of germinal center formation |
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of germinal center formation. |
| regulation of immunoglobulin production |
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of immunoglobulin production. |
| regulation of innate immune response |
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response, the organism's first line of defense against infection. |
| response to molecule of bacterial origin |
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus by molecules of bacterial origin such as peptides derived from bacterial flagellin. |
| response to muramyl dipeptide |
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a muramyl dipeptide stimulus. Muramyl dipeptide is derived from peptidoglycan. |
| response to wounding |
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to the organism. |
| tolerance induction to lipopolysaccharide |
Tolerance induction directed at lipopolysaccharide antigens. |
