Q38997
SS
Gene name |
KIN10 (AK21, AKIN10, SKIN10, SNR2, SNRK1.1, At3g01090, T4P13.22) |
Protein name |
SNF1-related protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha KIN10 |
Names |
AKIN10 , EC 2.7.11.1 , AKIN alpha-2 , AKINalpha2 , SNF1-related kinase 1.1 , SnRK1.1 |
Species |
Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) |
KEGG Pathway |
ath:AT3G01090 |
EC number |
2.7.11.1: Protein-serine/threonine kinases |
Protein Class |
|
Descriptions
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) acts as an energy sensor, being activated by metabolic stresses and regulating cellular metabolism. AMPK is a heterotrimer consisting of a catalytic alpha subunit and two regulatory subunits, beta and gamma. The human AMPK alpha2 kinase domain adopts the autoinhibited structure of the DFG-out conformation. The autoinhibitory domain following the kinase domain contributes to the stabilization of the DFG-out autoinhibitory structure. AMPK alpha2 activation is mediated by the phosphorylation of Thr located in the activation loop. The phosphorylated and/or unphosphorylated Thr interacts with residues in the regulatory subunits which stabilize the kinase-domain conformation in either the active or inactive mode.
Autoinhibitory domains (AIDs)
Target domain |
19-271 (Protein kinase domain) |
Relief mechanism |
PTM, Ligand binding |
Assay |
|
Accessory elements
159-181 (Activation loop from InterPro)
Target domain |
19-271 (Protein kinase domain) |
Relief mechanism |
|
Assay |
|
References
- Pang T et al. (2007) "Conserved alpha-helix acts as autoinhibitory sequence in AMP-activated protein kinase alpha subunits", The Journal of biological chemistry, 282, 495-506
- Hardie DG et al. (2012) "AMP-activated protein kinase: a target for drugs both ancient and modern", Chemistry & biology, 19, 1222-36
- Handa N et al. (2011) "Structural basis for compound C inhibition of the human AMP-activated protein kinase α2 subunit kinase domain", Acta crystallographica. Section D, Biological crystallography, 67, 480-7
- Littler DR et al. (2010) "A conserved mechanism of autoinhibition for the AMPK kinase domain: ATP-binding site and catalytic loop refolding as a means of regulation", Acta crystallographica. Section F, Structural biology and crystallization communications, 66, 143-51
Autoinhibited structure
Activated structure
1 structures for Q38997
| Entry ID | Method | Resolution | Chain | Position | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AF-Q38997-F1 | Predicted | AlphaFoldDB |
13 variants for Q38997
| Variant ID(s) | Position | Change | Description | Diseaes Association | Provenance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| tmp_3_33958_C_T | 7 | G>D | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05750478 | 10 | S>N | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_3_33946_C_A | 11 | G>V | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_3_33489_A_G | 122 | F>S | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_3_32700_G_A | 282 | P>S | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH00300008 | 309 | N>I | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_3_32507_G_A | 316 | R>C | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH10445930 | 346 | F>L | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH10445928 | 353 | T>I | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_3_32151_T_A | 374 | M>L | No | 1000Genomes | |
| ENSVATH05750463 | 432 | V>A | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_3_31541_T_C | 479 | T>A | No | 1000Genomes | |
| tmp_3_31502_G_C | 492 | Q>E | No | 1000Genomes |
No associated diseases with Q38997
Functions
| Description | ||
|---|---|---|
| EC Number | 2.7.11.1 | Protein-serine/threonine kinases |
| Subcellular Localization |
|
|
| PANTHER Family | ||
| PANTHER Subfamily | ||
| PANTHER Protein Class | ||
| PANTHER Pathway Category | No pathway information available | |
7 GO annotations of cellular component
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| chloroplast | A chlorophyll-containing plastid with thylakoids organized into grana and frets, or stroma thylakoids, and embedded in a stroma. |
| cytoplasm | The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. |
| cytosol | The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. |
| endoplasmic reticulum | The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached). |
| Golgi apparatus | A membrane-bound cytoplasmic organelle of the endomembrane system that further processes the core oligosaccharides (e.g. N-glycans) added to proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum and packages them into membrane-bound vesicles. The Golgi apparatus operates at the intersection of the secretory, lysosomal, and endocytic pathways. |
| nuclear ubiquitin ligase complex | A ubiquitin ligase complex found in the nucleus. |
| nucleus | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. |
6 GO annotations of molecular function
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| ATP binding | Binding to ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator. |
| kinase activity | Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule. |
| kinase binding | Binding to a kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group. |
| phosphatase binding | Binding to a phosphatase. |
| protein serine kinase activity | Catalysis of the reactions |
| protein serine/threonine kinase activity | Catalysis of the reactions |
22 GO annotations of biological process
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| abscisic acid-activated signaling pathway | The series of molecular signals generated by the binding of the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) to a receptor, and ending with modulation of a cellular process, e.g. transcription. |
| detection of nutrient | The series of events in which a nutrient stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. |
| developmental process involved in reproduction | A developmental process in which a progressive change in the state of some part of an organism, germline or somatic, specifically contributes to its ability to form offspring. |
| fatty acid biosynthetic process | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a fatty acid, any of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that can be liberated by hydrolysis from naturally occurring fats and oils. Fatty acids are predominantly straight-chain acids of 4 to 24 carbon atoms, which may be saturated or unsaturated; branched fatty acids and hydroxy fatty acids also occur, and very long chain acids of over 30 carbons are found in waxes. |
| intracellular signal transduction | The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell. |
| leaf senescence | The last stage of leaf development during which programmed degradation of macromolecules and nutrient recycling take place. |
| nitrate assimilation | The nitrogen metabolic process that encompasses the uptake of nitrate from the environment and reduction to ammonia, and results in the incorporation of nitrogen derived from nitrate into cellular substances. |
| phosphorylation | The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide. |
| plant organ development | Development of a plant organ, a multi-tissue plant structure that forms a functional unit. |
| positive regulation of abscisic acid-activated signaling pathway | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. |
| positive regulation of autophagy | Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of autophagy. Autophagy is the process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm. |
| primary root development | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the primary root over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The primary root develops directly from the embryonic radicle. |
| regulation of leaf senescence | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of leaf senescence. |
| response to glucose | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus. |
| response to herbicide | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a herbicide stimulus. Herbicides are chemicals used to kill or control the growth of plants. |
| response to hypoxia | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level. |
| response to oxidative stress | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals. |
| response to salt | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a salt stimulus. |
| starch metabolic process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving starch, the most important reserve polysaccharide in plants. It is a glucan consisting of two components, amylose and amylopectin, which are both glucose homopolymers. Starch is synthesized as a temporary storage form of carbon and can be catabolized to produce sucrose. |
| sugar mediated signaling pathway | The process in which a change in the level of a mono- or disaccharide such as glucose, fructose or sucrose triggers the expression of genes controlling metabolic and developmental processes. |
| vegetative phase change | Any process involved in the transition of a plant from a juvenile phase of vegetative development to an adult phase of vegetative development. |
| vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem | The process involved in transforming a meristem that produces vegetative structures, such as leaves, into a meristem that produces reproductive structures, such as a flower or an inflorescence. |
82 homologous proteins in AiPD
| UniProt AC | Gene Name | Protein Name | Species | Evidence Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q02066 | Abscisic acid-inducible protein kinase | Triticum aestivum (Wheat) | PR | |
| P06782 | SNF1 | Carbon catabolite-derepressing protein kinase | Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) (Baker's yeast) | EV |
| Q5GLH2 | TRIB2 | Tribbles homolog 2 | Bos taurus (Bovine) | SS |
| Q0VCE3 | TRIB3 | Tribbles homolog 3 | Bos taurus (Bovine) | SS |
| Q3SZW1 | TSSK1B | Testis-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 | Bos taurus (Bovine) | PR |
| Q92519 | TRIB2 | Tribbles homolog 2 | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| Q96RU7 | TRIB3 | Tribbles homolog 3 | Homo sapiens (Human) | PR |
| Q14680 | MELK | Maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| Q96RU8 | TRIB1 | Tribbles homolog 1 | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| Q15831 | STK11 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase STK11 | Homo sapiens (Human) | PR |
| Q96RG2 | PASK | PAS domain-containing serine/threonine-protein kinase | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| Q9BXA7 | TSSK1B | Testis-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 | Homo sapiens (Human) | PR |
| P54646 | PRKAA2 | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| Q13131 | PRKAA1 | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| Q16566 | CAMK4 | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type IV | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| Q8IU85 | CAMK1D | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1D | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| Q14012 | CAMK1 | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1 | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| Q9UQM7 | CAMK2A | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| Q6P2M8 | PNCK | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1B | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| Q13554 | CAMK2B | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| Q96NX5 | CAMK1G | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1G | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| Q8NCB2 | CAMKV | CaM kinase-like vesicle-associated protein | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| P11801 | PSKH1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase H1 | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| Q9NRH2 | SNRK | SNF-related serine/threonine-protein kinase | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| P57059 | SIK1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SIK1 | Homo sapiens (Human) | PR |
| O60285 | NUAK1 | NUAK family SNF1-like kinase 1 | Homo sapiens (Human) | PR |
| Q8K4K3 | Trib2 | Tribbles homolog 2 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| Q61241 | Tssk1b | Testis-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | PR |
| Q8K4K2 | Trib3 | Tribbles homolog 3 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| Q61846 | Melk | Maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase | Mus musculus (Mouse) | PR |
| O54863 | Tssk2 | Testis-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | PR |
| Q8K4K4 | Trib1 | Tribbles homolog 1 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| Q5EG47 | Prkaa1 | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| Q8BRK8 | Prkaa2 | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| Q8C0X8 | Sperm motility kinase X | Mus musculus (Mouse) | PR | |
| A0AUV4 | Gm7168 | Sperm motility kinase Y | Mus musculus (Mouse) | PR |
| Q8C0N0 | Gm4922 | Sperm motility kinase Z | Mus musculus (Mouse) | PR |
| Q641K5 | Nuak1 | NUAK family SNF1-like kinase 1 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | PR |
| A2KF29 | Smoktcr | Sperm motility kinase Tcr mutant form | Mus musculus (Mouse) | PR |
| Q28948 | PRKAA2 | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 | Sus scrofa (Pig) | SS |
| Q09136 | PRKAA1 | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 | Sus scrofa (Pig) | SS |
| Q9WTQ6 | Trib3 | Tribbles homolog 3 | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | SS |
| P54645 | Prkaa1 | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | EV |
| Q09137 | Prkaa2 | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | EV |
| Q5QNM6 | CIPK13 | Putative CBL-interacting protein kinase 13 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q5JLQ9 | CIPK30 | CBL-interacting protein kinase 30 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q5N942 | SAPK4 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SAPK4 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q852Q0 | OSK3 | Serine/threonine protein kinase OSK3 | Oryza sativa subsp. japonica (Rice) | SS |
| Q75LR7 | SAPK1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SAPK1 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q75H77 | SAPK10 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SAPK10 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q7Y0B9 | SAPK8 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SAPK8 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q7XQP4 | SAPK7 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SAPK7 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q6ZLP5 | CIPK23 | CBL-interacting protein kinase 23 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q0D4J7 | SAPK2 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SAPK2 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q8LIG4 | CIPK3 | CBL-interacting protein kinase 3 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q6ERS4 | CIPK16 | CBL-interacting protein kinase 16 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| P0C5D6 | SAPK3 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SAPK3 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q2RAX3 | CIPK33 | CBL-interacting protein kinase 33 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q75V57 | SAPK9 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SAPK9 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q852Q1 | OSK4 | Serine/threonine protein kinase OSK4 | Oryza sativa subsp. japonica (Rice) | SS |
| Q852Q2 | OSK1 | Serine/threonine protein kinase OSK1 | Oryza sativa subsp. japonica (Rice) | SS |
| P45894 | aak-1 | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 | Caenorhabditis elegans | SS |
| Q21017 | kin-29 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase kin-29 | Caenorhabditis elegans | SS |
| Q95ZQ4 | aak-2 | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 | Caenorhabditis elegans | SS |
| Q2V452 | CIPK3 | CBL-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 3 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | SS |
| O22971 | CIPK13 | CBL-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 13 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| O65554 | CIPK6 | CBL-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 6 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q9FJ54 | CIPK20 | CBL-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 20 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| O64812 | SRK2J | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2J | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| P43291 | SRK2A | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2A | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| P43292 | SRK2G | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2G | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| P92958 | KIN11 | SNF1-related protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha KIN11 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q39192 | SRK2D | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2D | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q39193 | SRK2I | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2I | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q93VD3 | CIPK23 | CBL-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 23 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q940H6 | SRK2E | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2E | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q94CG0 | CIPK21 | CBL-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 21 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q9C958 | SRK2B | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2B | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q9FFP9 | SRK2H | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2H | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q9FLZ3 | KIN12 | SNF1-related protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha KIN12 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | SS |
| Q9LDI3 | CIPK24 | CBL-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 24 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q9M9E9 | SRK2C | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2C | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 |
| MDGSGTGSRS | GVESILPNYK | LGRTLGIGSF | GRVKIAEHAL | TGHKVAIKIL | NRRKIKNMEM |
| 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 |
| EEKVRREIKI | LRLFMHPHII | RLYEVIETPT | DIYLVMEYVN | SGELFDYIVE | KGRLQEDEAR |
| 130 | 140 | 150 | 160 | 170 | 180 |
| NFFQQIISGV | EYCHRNMVVH | RDLKPENLLL | DSKCNVKIAD | FGLSNIMRDG | HFLKTSCGSP |
| 190 | 200 | 210 | 220 | 230 | 240 |
| NYAAPEVISG | KLYAGPEVDV | WSCGVILYAL | LCGTLPFDDE | NIPNLFKKIK | GGIYTLPSHL |
| 250 | 260 | 270 | 280 | 290 | 300 |
| SPGARDLIPR | MLVVDPMKRV | TIPEIRQHPW | FQAHLPRYLA | VPPPDTVQQA | KKIDEEILQE |
| 310 | 320 | 330 | 340 | 350 | 360 |
| VINMGFDRNH | LIESLRNRTQ | NDGTVTYYLI | LDNRFRASSG | YLGAEFQETM | EGTPRMHPAE |
| 370 | 380 | 390 | 400 | 410 | 420 |
| SVASPVSHRL | PGLMEYQGVG | LRSQYPVERK | WALGLQSRAH | PREIMTEVLK | ALQDLNVCWK |
| 430 | 440 | 450 | 460 | 470 | 480 |
| KIGHYNMKCR | WVPNSSADGM | LSNSMHDNNY | FGDESSIIEN | EAAVKSPNVV | KFEIQLYKTR |
| 490 | 500 | 510 | |||
| DDKYLLDLQR | VQGPQFLFLD | LCAAFLAQLR | VL |