Q2TA25

SS
Gene name
PLK1
Protein name
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1
Names
Polo-like kinase 1, PLK-1
Species
Bos taurus (Bovine)
KEGG Pathway
bta:538238
EC number
2.7.11.21: Protein-serine/threonine kinases
Protein Class

Descriptions

Polo-like kinase Plk1 acts at various stages in cell cycle specifically mitosis and cytokinesis. The kinase activity is regulated by a conserved C-terminal domain, termed the polo box domain (PBD). PBD is composed of the two polo boxes and an N-terminal extension and each polo box contains a continuous six-stranded antiparallel β-sheet and an α-helix. The C-terminal region containing a polo-box domain is involved in autoinhibition via intramolecular intereraction with the kinase domain in PLK1.

Autoinhibitory domains (AIDs)

365-602 (Polo box domain) SS

Target domain

51-303 (Protein kinase domain)

Relief mechanism

PTM

Assay

Accessory elements

No accessory elements

References

Autoinhibited structure

Activated structure

1 structures for Q2TA25

Entry ID Method Resolution Chain Position Source
AF-Q2TA25-F1 Predicted AlphaFoldDB

146 variants for Q2TA25

Variant ID(s) Position Change Description Diseaes Association Provenance
rs436052833 9 K>E No Ensembl
rs449687998 10 L>R No Ensembl
rs469637735 12 R>G No Ensembl
rs452332377 13 A>G No Ensembl
rs431942913 13 A>P No Ensembl
rs454631808 23 V>G No Ensembl
rs443719519 28 A>D No Ensembl
rs470994950 29 S>L No Ensembl
rs457404044 29 S>P No Ensembl
rs460081948 30 T>K No Ensembl
rs439585829 30 T>P No Ensembl
rs480103046 32 A>G No Ensembl
rs462303136 34 P>R No Ensembl
rs449717543 43 V>M No Ensembl
rs476808397 44 D>E No Ensembl
rs434660756 65 C>G No Ensembl
rs454792548 76 V>G No Ensembl
rs436949989 81 I>S No Ensembl
rs457433594 82 V>G No Ensembl
rs435595601 93 K>* No Ensembl
rs471085923 93 K>N No Ensembl
rs453311435 95 K>N No Ensembl
rs439673351 95 K>T No Ensembl
rs473720385 97 S>P No Ensembl
rs442313205 98 M>L No Ensembl
rs462416363 103 H>P No Ensembl
rs482488587 106 L>P No Ensembl
rs444578006 108 H>P No Ensembl
rs517985126 115 H>Y No Ensembl
rs476896085 124 V>L No Ensembl
rs445637254 130 L>V No Ensembl
rs465623913 134 R>S No Ensembl
rs454294747 137 L>R No Ensembl
rs455313932 140 H>Q No Ensembl
rs441728332 140 H>R No Ensembl
rs475408328 141 K>N No Ensembl
rs443996290 148 E>D No Ensembl
rs478086606 151 A>P No Ensembl
rs480443937 157 Q>* No Ensembl
rs449379052 167 G>R No Ensembl
rs482875420 171 I>T No Ensembl
rs445192330 172 H>Q No Ensembl
rs465534060 174 D>A No Ensembl
rs434227936 176 K>N No Ensembl
rs454315801 185 D>H No Ensembl
rs468011853 188 V>L No Ensembl
rs436540723 189 K>T No Ensembl
rs482063906 271 H>N No Ensembl
rs450710766 271 H>P No Ensembl
rs464694654 274 P>T No Ensembl
rs478327924 275 V>L No Ensembl
rs435540000 292 P>T No Ensembl
rs455876549 308 I>T No Ensembl
rs469502699 310 A>T No Ensembl
rs438198684 315 T>P No Ensembl
rs451773212 318 T>P No Ensembl
rs471950605 320 P>L No Ensembl
rs452891306 326 A>D No Ensembl
rs210272727 326 A>T No Ensembl
rs473039506 331 D>Y No Ensembl
rs462081919 334 N>T No Ensembl
rs441638084 334 N>Y No Ensembl
rs442890554 347 N>H No Ensembl
rs462844597 361 V>A No Ensembl
rs482875633 362 R>P No Ensembl
rs1118007375 365 S>N No Ensembl
rs445183545 377 Q>L No Ensembl
rs448647208 403 C>S No Ensembl
rs468662297 407 F>L No Ensembl
rs437228889 412 W>R No Ensembl
rs457312340 414 D>G No Ensembl
rs464499273 418 K>E No Ensembl
rs453501132 419 Y>C No Ensembl
rs433486177 419 Y>N No Ensembl
rs432798278 427 D>A No Ensembl
rs474202373 427 D>N No Ensembl
rs452949930 432 V>A No Ensembl
rs452949930 432 V>G No Ensembl
rs441952770 437 S>T No Ensembl
rs461995873 439 R>G No Ensembl
rs475698710 443 Y>S No Ensembl
rs444180584 447 D>Y No Ensembl
rs446909191 464 S>R No Ensembl
rs460393287 469 S>P No Ensembl
rs480379822 471 I>K No Ensembl
rs455670927 475 T>P No Ensembl
rs444246790 477 L>M No Ensembl
rs457884177 481 R>P No Ensembl
rs471569685 482 N>K No Ensembl
rs440473197 483 Y>C No Ensembl
rs440473197 483 Y>F No Ensembl
rs460430395 484 M>L No Ensembl
rs480467527 484 M>R No Ensembl
rs442768019 486 E>G No Ensembl
rs463293094 489 L>M No Ensembl
rs483345263 491 A>T No Ensembl
rs465533648 496 T>P No Ensembl
rs446609087 497 P>R No Ensembl
rs435211200 499 E>A No Ensembl
rs455304867 499 E>D No Ensembl
rs451540060 514 R>P No Ensembl
rs440158416 515 T>S No Ensembl
rs454119253 518 A>P No Ensembl
rs474083888 519 I>F No Ensembl
rs442851862 519 I>T No Ensembl
rs462925713 520 I>S No Ensembl
rs483027357 522 H>D No Ensembl
rs479248638 525 N>K No Ensembl
rs466694866 527 C>F No Ensembl
rs447874865 527 C>R No Ensembl
rs480332445 528 V>G No Ensembl
rs448963273 532 F>C No Ensembl
rs468958369 533 F>C No Ensembl
rs437546702 534 Q>P No Ensembl
rs460492116 536 H>N No Ensembl
rs455268106 536 H>P No Ensembl
rs475281711 537 T>P No Ensembl
rs443820722 538 K>N No Ensembl
rs457555378 539 L>R No Ensembl
rs471134278 541 L>Q No Ensembl
rs438487956 542 C>S No Ensembl
rs438487956 542 C>Y No Ensembl
rs478454035 544 L>R No Ensembl
rs461113329 545 M>I No Ensembl
rs440751871 545 M>R No Ensembl
rs481387218 546 A>P No Ensembl
rs470005760 549 T>N No Ensembl
rs446205805 553 E>D No Ensembl
rs434804829 558 R>G No Ensembl
rs454901237 558 R>P No Ensembl
rs468515946 559 T>P No Ensembl
rs437503646 564 L>V No Ensembl
rs457519932 565 L>R No Ensembl
rs439782696 568 Y>D No Ensembl
rs439782696 568 Y>N No Ensembl
rs472083323 569 G>A No Ensembl
rs460800536 576 S>T No Ensembl
rs481039303 580 Y>C No Ensembl
rs479017670 581 A>P No Ensembl
rs443515491 585 V>G No Ensembl
rs463614478 588 L>V No Ensembl
rs477279235 591 S>* No Ensembl
rs446756802 595 A>T No Ensembl
rs136654379 596 N>H No Ensembl
rs133748903 596 N>T No Ensembl
rs448557172 600 A>S No Ensembl

No associated diseases with Q2TA25

6 regional properties for Q2TA25

Type Name Position InterPro Accession
domain Protein kinase domain 51 - 303 IPR000719
domain POLO box domain 415 - 478 IPR000959-1
domain POLO box domain 513 - 582 IPR000959-2
binding_site Protein kinase, ATP binding site 57 - 80 IPR017441
domain Second polo-box domain 507 - 588 IPR033695
domain First polo-box domain 405 - 492 IPR033701

Functions

Description
EC Number 2.7.11.21 Protein-serine/threonine kinases
Subcellular Localization
  • Nucleus
  • Chromosome, centromere, kinetochore
  • Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome
  • Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle
  • Midbody
  • localization at the centrosome starts at the G1/S transition (By similarity)
  • During early stages of mitosis, the phosphorylated form is detected on centrosomes and kinetochores
  • Localizes to the outer kinetochore
  • Presence of SGO1 and interaction with the phosphorylated form of BUB1 is required for the kinetochore localization
  • Localizes onto the central spindle by phosphorylating and docking at midzone proteins KIF20A/MKLP2 and PRC1 (By similarity)
  • Colocalizes with FRY to separating centrosomes and spindle poles from prophase to metaphase in mitosis, but not in other stages of the cell cycle (By similarity)
  • Localization to the centrosome is required for S phase progression (By similarity)
  • Colocalizes with HSF1 at the spindle poles during prometaphase (By similarity)
PANTHER Family
PANTHER Subfamily
PANTHER Protein Class
PANTHER Pathway Category No pathway information available

15 GO annotations of cellular component

Name Definition
centriolar satellite A small (70-100 nm) cytoplasmic granule that contains a number of centrosomal proteins; centriolar satellites traffic toward microtubule minus ends and are enriched near the centrosome.
centriole A cellular organelle, found close to the nucleus in many eukaryotic cells, consisting of a small cylinder with microtubular walls, 300-500 nm long and 150-250 nm in diameter. It contains nine short, parallel, peripheral microtubular fibrils, each fibril consisting of one complete microtubule fused to two incomplete microtubules. Cells usually have two centrioles, lying at right angles to each other. At division, each pair of centrioles generates another pair and the twin pairs form the pole of the mitotic spindle.
centrosome A structure comprised of a core structure (in most organisms, a pair of centrioles) and peripheral material from which a microtubule-based structure, such as a spindle apparatus, is organized. Centrosomes occur close to the nucleus during interphase in many eukaryotic cells, though in animal cells it changes continually during the cell-division cycle.
chromatin The ordered and organized complex of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that forms the chromosome.
cytoplasm The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
kinetochore A multisubunit complex that is located at the centromeric region of DNA and provides an attachment point for the spindle microtubules.
midbody A thin cytoplasmic bridge formed between daughter cells at the end of cytokinesis. The midbody forms where the contractile ring constricts, and may persist for some time before finally breaking to complete cytokinesis.
mitotic spindle pole Either of the ends of a mitotic spindle, a spindle that forms as part of mitosis, where spindle microtubules are organized; usually contains a microtubule organizing center and accessory molecules, spindle microtubules and astral microtubules.
nucleus A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
outer kinetochore The region of a kinetochore most external to centromeric DNA; this outer region mediates kinetochore-microtubule interactions.
spindle The array of microtubules and associated molecules that forms between opposite poles of a eukaryotic cell during mitosis or meiosis and serves to move the duplicated chromosomes apart.
spindle microtubule Any microtubule that is part of a mitotic or meiotic spindle; anchored at one spindle pole.
spindle midzone The area in the center of the spindle where the spindle microtubules from opposite poles overlap.
spindle pole Either of the ends of a spindle, where spindle microtubules are organized; usually contains a microtubule organizing center and accessory molecules, spindle microtubules and astral microtubules.
synaptonemal complex A proteinaceous scaffold found between homologous chromosomes during meiosis. It consists of 2 lateral elements and a central element, all running parallel to each other. Transverse filaments connect the lateral elements to the central element.

9 GO annotations of molecular function

Name Definition
anaphase-promoting complex binding Binding to an anaphase-promoting complex. A ubiquitin ligase complex that degrades mitotic cyclins and anaphase inhibitory protein, thereby triggering sister chromatid separation and exit from mitosis.
ATP binding Binding to ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.
identical protein binding Binding to an identical protein or proteins.
magnesium ion binding Binding to a magnesium (Mg) ion.
microtubule binding Binding to a microtubule, a filament composed of tubulin monomers.
protein kinase binding Binding to a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate.
protein serine kinase activity Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate.
protein serine/threonine kinase activity Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.
protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + a protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate; ATP + a protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate; and ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate.

31 GO annotations of biological process

Name Definition
centrosome cycle The cell cycle process in which centrosome duplication and separation takes place. The centrosome cycle can operate with a considerable degree of independence from other processes of the cell cycle.
establishment of mitotic spindle orientation A cell cycle process that sets the alignment of mitotic spindle relative to other cellular structures.
establishment of protein localization The directed movement of a protein to a specific location.
female meiosis chromosome segregation The cell cycle process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets during the meiotic cell cycle in a female.
G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle The mitotic cell cycle transition by which a cell in G2 commits to M phase. The process begins when the kinase activity of M cyclin/CDK complex reaches a threshold high enough for the cell cycle to proceed. This is accomplished by activating a positive feedback loop that results in the accumulation of unphosphorylated and active M cyclin/CDK complex.
homologous chromosome segregation The cell cycle process in which replicated homologous chromosomes are organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two sets during the first division of the meiotic cell cycle. Each replicated chromosome, composed of two sister chromatids, aligns at the cell equator, paired with its homologous partner; this pairing off, referred to as synapsis, permits genetic recombination. One homolog (both sister chromatids) of each morphologic type goes into each of the resulting chromosome sets.
microtubule bundle formation A process that results in a parallel arrangement of microtubules.
mitotic cell cycle Progression through the phases of the mitotic cell cycle, the most common eukaryotic cell cycle, which canonically comprises four successive phases called G1, S, G2, and M and includes replication of the genome and the subsequent segregation of chromosomes into daughter cells. In some variant cell cycles nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division, or G1 and G2 phases may be absent.
mitotic cytokinesis A cell cycle process that results in the division of the cytoplasm of a cell after mitosis, resulting in the separation of the original cell into two daughter cells.
mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling A mitotic cell cycle checkpoint that detects and negatively regulates progression through the G2/M transition of the cell cycle in response to DNA damage.
mitotic sister chromatid segregation The cell cycle process in which replicated homologous chromosomes are organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two sets during the mitotic cell cycle. Each replicated chromosome, composed of two sister chromatids, aligns at the cell equator, paired with its homologous partner. One homolog of each morphologic type goes into each of the resulting chromosome sets.
mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint signaling A signal transduction process that contributes to a mitotic cell cycle spindle assembly checkpoint, that delays the metaphase/anaphase transition of a mitotic nuclear division until the spindle is correctly assembled and chromosomes are attached to the spindle.
negative regulation of apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
negative regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity.
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase II.
nuclear membrane disassembly The controlled breakdown of the nuclear membranes, for example during cellular division.
peptidyl-serine phosphorylation The phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-serine.
positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation. Peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation is the phosphorylation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-threonine.
positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome.
positive regulation of ubiquitin protein ligase activity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin protein ligase activity.
positive regulation of ubiquitin-protein transferase activity Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of ubiquitin transferase activity.
protein destabilization Any process that decreases the stability of a protein, making it more vulnerable to degradative processes or aggregation.
protein localization to chromatin Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, a part of a chromosome that is organized into chromatin.
protein localization to nuclear envelope A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, a location within a nuclear envelope.
protein phosphorylation The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein.
protein ubiquitination The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein.
regulation of cytokinesis Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the division of the cytoplasm of a cell and its separation into two daughter cells.
regulation of mitotic spindle assembly Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic spindle assembly.
regulation of protein binding Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein binding.
regulation of protein localization to cell cortex Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to cell cortex.
synaptonemal complex disassembly The controlled breakdown of a synaptonemal complex.

9 homologous proteins in AiPD

UniProt AC Gene Name Protein Name Species Evidence Code
O97143 SAK Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK4 Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) EV
P52304 polo Serine/threonine-protein kinase polo Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) SS
P53350 PLK1 Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1 Homo sapiens (Human) EV
Q07832 Plk1 Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1 Mus musculus (Mouse) EV
Q62673 Plk1 Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1 Rattus norvegicus (Rat) SS
Q20845 plk-3 Serine/threonine-protein kinase plk-3 Caenorhabditis elegans PR
Q9N2L7 plk-2 Serine/threonine-protein kinase plk-2 Caenorhabditis elegans SS
P34331 plk-1 Serine/threonine-protein kinase plk-1 Caenorhabditis elegans SS
P62205 plk1 Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1 Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (Silurana tropicalis) SS
10 20 30 40 50 60
MSAAATAGKL GRAPADPGKA PGVAAPGAST AAPPAKEIPE VLVDPRSRRR YLRGRFLGKG
70 80 90 100 110 120
GFAKCFEISD ADTKEVFAGK IVPKSLLLKP HQKEKMSMEI SIHRSLAHQH VVGFHGFFED
130 140 150 160 170 180
NDFVFVVLEL CRRRSLLELH KRRKALTEPE ARYYLRQIVL GCQYLHGNRV IHRDLKLGNL
190 200 210 220 230 240
FLNEDLEVKI GDFGLATKVE YDGERKKTLC GTPNYIAPEV LSKKGHSFEV DVWSIGCIMY
250 260 270 280 290 300
TLLVGKPPFE TSCLKETYLR IKNNEYSIPK HINPVASSLI KKMLQPDPTA RPTIHELLND
310 320 330 340 350 360
EFFTSGYIPA RLPITCLTIP PRFSIAPSSL DPSNRKPLTV LNKGMENPMP ERPREKEEPV
370 380 390 400 410 420
VREASEPVDC HLSDMLQQLH SVNASKPSER GLVRQEEAED PACIPIFWVS KWVDYSDKYG
430 440 450 460 470 480
LGYQLCDNSV GVLFNDSTRL ILYSDGDSLQ YIERDGSESY LTVSSHPNSL IKKITLLKYF
490 500 510 520 530 540
RNYMSEHLLK AGANITPREG DELARLPYLR TWFRTRSAII LHLSNGCVQI NFFQDHTKLI
550 560 570 580 590 600
LCPLMAAVTY IDEKRDFRTY RLSLLEEYGC SKELASRLRY ARAMVDKLLS SRSAANRLKA
SS