Q09137
EV
Gene name |
Prkaa2 (Ampk, Ampk2) |
Protein name |
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 |
Names |
AMPK subunit alpha-2, Acetyl-CoA carboxylase kinase, ACACA kinase, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase kinase, HMGCR kinase |
Species |
Rattus norvegicus (Rat) |
KEGG Pathway |
rno:78975 |
EC number |
2.7.11.1: Protein-serine/threonine kinases |
Protein Class |
MAP/MICROTUBULE AFFINITY-REGULATING KINASE (PTHR24346) |
Descriptions
The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is characterized by its ability to bind to AMP, which enables it to adjust enzymatic activity by sensing the cellular energy status and maintain the balance between ATP production and consumption in eukaryotic cells. Autoinhibitory domain (AID) binding might constrain the mobility of helix αC, hence resulting in an autoinhibited KD-AID with much lower kinase activity than that of the kinase domain alone.
Autoinhibitory domains (AIDs)
Target domain |
25-297 (Catalytic kinase domain) |
Relief mechanism |
Ligand binding, PTM |
Assay |
Deletion assay, Mutagenesis experiment |
Accessory elements
156-178 (Activation loop from InterPro)
Target domain |
16-268 (Protein kinase domain) |
Relief mechanism |
|
Assay |
|
References
- Chen L et al. (2009) "Structural insight into the autoinhibition mechanism of AMP-activated protein kinase", Nature, 459, 1146-9
- Mitchelhill KI et al. (1997) "Posttranslational modifications of the 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase beta1 subunit", The Journal of biological chemistry, 272, 24475-9
- Crute BE et al. (1998) "Functional domains of the alpha1 catalytic subunit of the AMP-activated protein kinase", The Journal of biological chemistry, 273, 35347-54
Autoinhibited structure
Activated structure
1 structures for Q09137
| Entry ID | Method | Resolution | Chain | Position | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AF-Q09137-F1 | Predicted | AlphaFoldDB |
No variants for Q09137
| Variant ID(s) | Position | Change | Description | Diseaes Association | Provenance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No variants for Q09137 | |||||
No associated diseases with Q09137
Functions
| Description | ||
|---|---|---|
| EC Number | 2.7.11.1 | Protein-serine/threonine kinases |
| Subcellular Localization |
|
|
| PANTHER Family | PTHR24346 | MAP/MICROTUBULE AFFINITY-REGULATING KINASE |
| PANTHER Subfamily | PTHR24346:SF82 | SERINE_THREONINE-PROTEIN KINASE MARK-A-RELATED |
| PANTHER Protein Class |
non-receptor serine/threonine protein kinase
protein modifying enzyme |
|
| PANTHER Pathway Category |
p53 pathway by glucose deprivation AMPK |
|
10 GO annotations of cellular component
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| apical plasma membrane | The region of the plasma membrane located at the apical end of the cell. |
| axon | The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter. |
| cytoplasm | The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. |
| cytoplasmic stress granule | A dense aggregation in the cytosol composed of proteins and RNAs that appear when the cell is under stress. |
| dendrite | A neuron projection that has a short, tapering, morphology. Dendrites receive and integrate signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conduct nerve impulses towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body. |
| neuronal cell body | The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites. |
| nucleoplasm | That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus. |
| nucleotide-activated protein kinase complex | A protein complex that possesses nucleotide-dependent protein kinase activity. The nucleotide can be AMP (in S. pombe and human) or ADP (in S. cerevisiae). |
| nucleus | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. |
| protein-containing complex | A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together. |
13 GO annotations of molecular function
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| [acetyl-CoA carboxylase] kinase activity | Catalysis of the reaction: ATP |
| [hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)] kinase activity | +Catalysis of the reaction: [3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)] + ATP = [3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)] phosphate + ADP. |
| AMP-activated protein kinase activity | Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. This reaction requires the presence of AMP. |
| ATP binding | Binding to ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator. |
| chromatin binding | Binding to chromatin, the network of fibers of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that make up the chromosomes of the eukaryotic nucleus during interphase. |
| histone serine kinase activity | Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group to a serine residue of a histone. |
| metal ion binding | Binding to a metal ion. |
| protein kinase activity | Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP. |
| protein serine kinase activity | Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate. |
| protein serine/threonine kinase activity | Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate. |
| protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity | Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + a protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate; ATP + a protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate; and ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate. |
| protein-containing complex binding | Binding to a macromolecular complex. |
| protein-macromolecule adaptor activity | The binding activity of a protein that brings together two or more macromolecules in contact, permitting those molecules to function in a coordinated way. The adaptor can bring together two proteins, or a protein and another macromolecule such as a lipid or a nucleic acid. |
37 GO annotations of biological process
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| autophagy | The cellular catabolic process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm; allows for both recycling of macromolecular constituents under conditions of cellular stress and remodeling the intracellular structure for cell differentiation. |
| cellular response to calcium ion | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a calcium ion stimulus. |
| cellular response to glucose starvation | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of glucose. |
| cellular response to glucose stimulus | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus. |
| cellular response to nutrient levels | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of nutrients. |
| cellular response to organonitrogen compound | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organonitrogen stimulus. An organonitrogen compound is formally a compound containing at least one carbon-nitrogen bond. |
| cellular response to oxidative stress | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals. |
| cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin E stimulus. |
| cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a xenobiotic, a compound foreign to the organism exposed to it. It may be synthesized by another organism (like ampicilin) or it can be a synthetic chemical. |
| cholesterol biosynthetic process | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones. |
| chromatin organization | The assembly or remodeling of chromatin composed of DNA complexed with histones, other associated proteins, and sometimes RNA. |
| energy homeostasis | Any process involved in the balance between food intake (energy input) and energy expenditure. |
| fatty acid biosynthetic process | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a fatty acid, any of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that can be liberated by hydrolysis from naturally occurring fats and oils. Fatty acids are predominantly straight-chain acids of 4 to 24 carbon atoms, which may be saturated or unsaturated; branched fatty acids and hydroxy fatty acids also occur, and very long chain acids of over 30 carbons are found in waxes. |
| fatty acid homeostasis | Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of fatty acid within an organism or cell. |
| glucose homeostasis | Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of glucose within an organism or cell. |
| intracellular signal transduction | The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell. |
| lipid biosynthetic process | The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. |
| negative regulation of apoptotic process | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process. |
| negative regulation of gene expression | Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). |
| negative regulation of TOR signaling | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of TOR signaling. |
| negative regulation of tubulin deacetylation | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of tubulin deacetylation. |
| positive regulation of autophagy | Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of autophagy. Autophagy is the process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm. |
| positive regulation of glycolytic process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glycolysis. |
| positive regulation of peptidyl-lysine acetylation | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of peptidyl-lysine acetylation. |
| positive regulation of protein localization | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a protein localization. |
| protein phosphorylation | The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein. |
| regulation of circadian rhythm | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a circadian rhythm. A circadian rhythm is a biological process in an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours. |
| regulation of gene expression | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). |
| regulation of lipid metabolic process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids. |
| regulation of macroautophagy | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of macroautophagy. |
| regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising microtubules and their associated proteins. |
| regulation of stress granule assembly | Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of stress granule assembly, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a stress granule. |
| response to activity | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an activity stimulus. |
| response to caffeine | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a caffeine stimulus. Caffeine is an alkaloid found in numerous plant species, where it acts as a natural pesticide that paralyzes and kills certain insects feeding upon them. |
| response to muscle activity | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a muscle activity stimulus. |
| rhythmic process | Any process pertinent to the generation and maintenance of rhythms in the physiology of an organism. |
| Wnt signaling pathway | The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state. |
68 homologous proteins in AiPD
| UniProt AC | Gene Name | Protein Name | Species | Evidence Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q02066 | Abscisic acid-inducible protein kinase | Triticum aestivum (Wheat) | PR | |
| P06782 | SNF1 | Carbon catabolite-derepressing protein kinase | Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) (Baker's yeast) | EV |
| Q5GLH2 | TRIB2 | Tribbles homolog 2 | Bos taurus (Bovine) | SS |
| Q0VCE3 | TRIB3 | Tribbles homolog 3 | Bos taurus (Bovine) | SS |
| Q3SZW1 | TSSK1B | Testis-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 | Bos taurus (Bovine) | PR |
| Q92519 | TRIB2 | Tribbles homolog 2 | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| Q96RU7 | TRIB3 | Tribbles homolog 3 | Homo sapiens (Human) | PR |
| Q96RU8 | TRIB1 | Tribbles homolog 1 | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| Q15831 | STK11 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase STK11 | Homo sapiens (Human) | PR |
| Q13131 | PRKAA1 | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| Q96RG2 | PASK | PAS domain-containing serine/threonine-protein kinase | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| Q9BXA7 | TSSK1B | Testis-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 | Homo sapiens (Human) | PR |
| Q14680 | MELK | Maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| P54646 | PRKAA2 | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| Q8K4K3 | Trib2 | Tribbles homolog 2 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| Q61241 | Tssk1b | Testis-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | PR |
| Q8K4K2 | Trib3 | Tribbles homolog 3 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| Q61846 | Melk | Maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase | Mus musculus (Mouse) | PR |
| O54863 | Tssk2 | Testis-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | PR |
| Q5EG47 | Prkaa1 | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| Q8K4K4 | Trib1 | Tribbles homolog 1 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| Q8BRK8 | Prkaa2 | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| Q28948 | PRKAA2 | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 | Sus scrofa (Pig) | SS |
| Q9WTQ6 | Trib3 | Tribbles homolog 3 | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | SS |
| Q91ZN7 | Chek1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase Chk1 | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | PR |
| B2DD29 | Brsk1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase BRSK1 | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | SS |
| P54645 | Prkaa1 | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | EV |
| D3ZML2 | Brsk2 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase BRSK2 | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | SS |
| Q5QNM6 | CIPK13 | Putative CBL-interacting protein kinase 13 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q5JLQ9 | CIPK30 | CBL-interacting protein kinase 30 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q5N942 | SAPK4 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SAPK4 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q852Q0 | OSK3 | Serine/threonine protein kinase OSK3 | Oryza sativa subsp. japonica (Rice) | SS |
| Q75LR7 | SAPK1 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SAPK1 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q75H77 | SAPK10 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SAPK10 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q7Y0B9 | SAPK8 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SAPK8 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q7XQP4 | SAPK7 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SAPK7 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q0D4J7 | SAPK2 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SAPK2 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q6ERS4 | CIPK16 | CBL-interacting protein kinase 16 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| P0C5D6 | SAPK3 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SAPK3 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q75V57 | SAPK9 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SAPK9 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q8LIG4 | CIPK3 | CBL-interacting protein kinase 3 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q852Q1 | OSK4 | Serine/threonine protein kinase OSK4 | Oryza sativa subsp. japonica (Rice) | SS |
| Q852Q2 | OSK1 | Serine/threonine protein kinase OSK1 | Oryza sativa subsp. japonica (Rice) | SS |
| Q6ZLP5 | CIPK23 | CBL-interacting protein kinase 23 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q2RAX3 | CIPK33 | CBL-interacting protein kinase 33 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q2QY53 | CIPK32 | CBL-interacting protein kinase 32 | Oryza sativa subsp japonica (Rice) | PR |
| Q21017 | kin-29 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase kin-29 | Caenorhabditis elegans | SS |
| P45894 | aak-1 | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 | Caenorhabditis elegans | SS |
| Q95ZQ4 | aak-2 | 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 | Caenorhabditis elegans | SS |
| P43291 | SRK2A | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2A | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q9C958 | SRK2B | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2B | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q9M9E9 | SRK2C | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2C | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| O64812 | SRK2J | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2J | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q2V452 | CIPK3 | CBL-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 3 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | SS |
| O22971 | CIPK13 | CBL-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 13 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q39192 | SRK2D | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2D | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| O65554 | CIPK6 | CBL-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 6 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q940H6 | SRK2E | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2E | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| P43292 | SRK2G | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2G | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q9FJ54 | CIPK20 | CBL-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 20 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q9FFP9 | SRK2H | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2H | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q39193 | SRK2I | Serine/threonine-protein kinase SRK2I | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q94CG0 | CIPK21 | CBL-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 21 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q93VD3 | CIPK23 | CBL-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 23 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q9LDI3 | CIPK24 | CBL-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 24 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q9FLZ3 | KIN12 | SNF1-related protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha KIN12 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | SS |
| P92958 | KIN11 | SNF1-related protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha KIN11 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q38997 | KIN10 | SNF1-related protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha KIN10 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | SS |
| 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 |
| MAEKQKHDGR | VKIGHYVLGD | TLGVGTFGKV | KIGEHQLTGH | KVAVKILNRQ | KIRSLDVVGK |
| 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 |
| IKREIQNLKL | FRHPHIIKLY | QVISTPTDFF | MVMEYVSGGE | LFDYICKHGR | VEEVEARRLF |
| 130 | 140 | 150 | 160 | 170 | 180 |
| QQILSAVDYC | HRHMVVHRDL | KPENVLLDAQ | MNAKIADFGL | SNMMSDGEFL | RTSCGSPNYA |
| 190 | 200 | 210 | 220 | 230 | 240 |
| APEVISGRLY | AGPEVDIWSC | GVILYALLCG | TLPFDDEHVP | TLFKKIRGGV | FYIPEYLNRS |
| 250 | 260 | 270 | 280 | 290 | 300 |
| IATLLMHMLQ | VDPLKRATIK | DIREHEWFKQ | DLPSYLFPED | PSYDANVIDD | EAVKEVCEKF |
| 310 | 320 | 330 | 340 | 350 | 360 |
| ECTESEVMNS | LYSGDPQDQL | AVAYHLIIDN | RRIMNQASEF | YLASSPPTGS | FMDDMAMHIP |
| 370 | 380 | 390 | 400 | 410 | 420 |
| PGLKPHPERM | PPLIADSPKA | RCPLDALNTT | KPKSLAVKKA | KWHLGIRSQS | KPYDIMAEVY |
| 430 | 440 | 450 | 460 | 470 | 480 |
| RAMKQLDFEW | KVVNAYHLRV | RRKNPVTGNY | VKMSLQLYLV | DNRSYLLDFK | SIDDEVVEQR |
| 490 | 500 | 510 | 520 | 530 | 540 |
| SGSSTPQRSC | SAAGLHRPRS | SVDSSTAENH | SLSGSLTGSL | TGSTLSSASP | RLGSHTMDFF |
| 550 | |||||
| EMCASLITAL | AR |