Q00969
SS
Gene name |
Atf2 |
Protein name |
Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 |
Names |
cAMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 , Activating transcription factor 2 , cAMP response element-binding protein CRE-BP1 |
Species |
Rattus norvegicus (Rat) |
KEGG Pathway |
rno:81647 |
EC number |
|
Protein Class |
|
Descriptions
ATF-2 is a cellular basic region-leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor that can mediate diverse transcriptional responses, including activation by the adenovirus Ela protein. ATF-2 contains an activation domain, required for transcriptional activity, but in the absence of an appropriate inducer, full-length ATF-2 is transcriptionally inactive. The ATF-2 bZIP (residues 350-415) suppresses the ATF-2 and the related Ela activation domains but not acidic- and glutamine-rich activation domains. The ATF-2 bZIP and activation domain are engaged in an inhibitory intramolecular interaction and the inducers of ATF-2 disrupt this interaction to activate transcription.
Autoinhibitory domains (AIDs)
Target domain |
0-91 (Activation domain) |
Relief mechanism |
Partner binding |
Assay |
|
Accessory elements
No accessory elements
References
- Li XY et al. (1996) "Intramolecular inhibition of activating transcription factor-2 function by its DNA-binding domain", Genes & development, 10, 517-27
- Laughlin JD et al. (2012) "Structural mechanisms of allostery and autoinhibition in JNK family kinases", Structure (London, England : 1993), 20, 2174-84
Autoinhibited structure
Activated structure
1 structures for Q00969
| Entry ID | Method | Resolution | Chain | Position | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AF-Q00969-F1 | Predicted | AlphaFoldDB |
No variants for Q00969
| Variant ID(s) | Position | Change | Description | Diseaes Association | Provenance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No variants for Q00969 | |||||
No associated diseases with Q00969
Functions
9 GO annotations of cellular component
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| CCAAT-binding factor complex | A heteromeric transcription factor complex that binds to the CCAAT-box upstream of promoters; functions as both an activator and a repressor, depending on its interacting cofactors. Typically trimeric consisting of NFYA, NFYB and NFYC subunits. In Saccharomyces, it activates the transcription of genes in response to growth in a nonfermentable carbon source and consists of four known subunits |
| chromatin | The ordered and organized complex of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that forms the chromosome. |
| cytoplasm | The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. |
| H4 histone acetyltransferase complex | A protein complex which is capable of H4 histone acetyltransferase activity. |
| membrane | A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it and attached to it. |
| mitochondrial outer membrane | The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. |
| nucleus | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. |
| RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex | A transcription factor complex that acts at a regulatory region of a gene transcribed by RNA polymerase II. |
| site of double-strand break | A region of a chromosome at which a DNA double-strand break has occurred. DNA damage signaling and repair proteins accumulate at the lesion to respond to the damage and repair the DNA to form a continuous DNA helix. |
23 GO annotations of molecular function
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| cAMP response element binding | Binding to a cyclic AMP response element (CRE), a short palindrome-containing sequence found in the promoters of genes whose expression is regulated in response to cyclic AMP. |
| cAMP response element binding protein binding | Binding to a cAMP response element binding protein (a CREB protein). |
| chromatin binding | Binding to chromatin, the network of fibers of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that make up the chromosomes of the eukaryotic nucleus during interphase. |
| cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding | Binding to a specific upstream regulatory DNA sequence (transcription factor recognition sequence or binding site) located in cis relative to the transcription start site (i.e., on the same strand of DNA) of a gene transcribed by some RNA polymerase. The proximal promoter is in cis with and relatively close to the core promoter. |
| DNA binding | Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively and non-covalently with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). |
| DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific | A DNA-binding transcription factor activity that activates or increases transcription of specific gene sets transcribed by RNA polymerase II. |
| DNA-binding transcription factor activity | A transcription regulator activity that modulates transcription of gene sets via selective and non-covalent binding to a specific double-stranded genomic DNA sequence (sometimes referred to as a motif) within a cis-regulatory region. Regulatory regions include promoters (proximal and distal) and enhancers. Genes are transcriptional units, and include bacterial operons. |
| DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific | A DNA-binding transcription factor activity that modulates the transcription of specific gene sets transcribed by RNA polymerase II. |
| histone H2B acetyltransferase activity | Catalysis of the reaction |
| histone H4 acetyltransferase activity | Catalysis of the reaction |
| identical protein binding | Binding to an identical protein or proteins. |
| leucine zipper domain binding | Binding to a leucine zipper domain, a protein secondary structure exhibiting a periodic repetition of leucine residues at every seventh position over a distance covering eight helical turns. |
| metal ion binding | Binding to a metal ion. |
| promoter-specific chromatin binding | Binding to a section of chromatin that is associated with gene promoter sequences of DNA. |
| protein heterodimerization activity | Binding to a nonidentical protein to form a heterodimer. |
| protein homodimerization activity | Binding to an identical protein to form a homodimer. |
| protein kinase binding | Binding to a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate. |
| protein-containing complex binding | Binding to a macromolecular complex. |
| RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding | Binding to a specific upstream regulatory DNA sequence (transcription factor recognition sequence or binding site) located in cis relative to the transcription start site (i.e., on the same strand of DNA) of a gene transcribed by RNA polymerase II. |
| RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding | Binding to a specific sequence of DNA that is part of a regulatory region that controls the transcription of a gene or cistron by RNA polymerase II. |
| RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding | Binding to a sequence-specific DNA binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor, any of the factors that interact selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. |
| sequence-specific DNA binding | Binding to DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding. |
| sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding | Binding to double-stranded DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA, e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding. |
53 GO annotations of biological process
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| abducens nucleus development | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the abducens nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. |
| adipose tissue development | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of adipose tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Adipose tissue is specialized tissue that is used to store fat. |
| amelogenesis | The process whose specific outcome is the formation of tooth enamel, occurring in two stages |
| apoptotic process | A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died. |
| apoptotic process involved in development | Any apoptotic process that is involved in anatomical structure development. |
| BMP signaling pathway | The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a member of the BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) family to a receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. |
| brainstem development | The progression of the brainstem from its formation to the mature structure. The brainstem is the part of the brain that connects the brain with the spinal cord. |
| cellular lipid metabolic process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, as carried out by individual cells. |
| cellular response to anisomycin | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an anisomycin stimulus. |
| cellular response to leucine starvation | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of leucine. |
| cellular response to oxidative stress | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals. |
| cellular response to virus | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a virus. |
| detection of cell density | The series of events in which information about the density of cells in a population is received and converted into a molecular signal. |
| DNA damage response | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to its DNA from environmental insults or errors during metabolism. |
| facial nucleus development | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the facial nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. |
| gene expression | The process in which a gene's sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript and its processing, translation and maturation for protein-coding genes. |
| growth plate cartilage chondrocyte differentiation | The process in which a chondroblast acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a chondrocyte that will contribute to the growth of a bone. A chondrocyte is a polymorphic cell that forms cartilage. |
| growth plate cartilage chondrocyte proliferation | The multiplication or reproduction of chondrocytes in a growing endochondral bone, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. |
| heart development | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the heart over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood. |
| hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation | The process in which precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a hematopoietic progenitor cell, a class of cell types including myeloid progenitor cells and lymphoid progenitor cells. |
| hepatocyte apoptotic process | Any apoptotic process in a hepatocyte, the main structural component of the liver. |
| hypoglossal nucleus development | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the hypoglossal nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. |
| in utero embryonic development | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo in the uterus over time, from formation of the zygote in the oviduct, to birth. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus. |
| intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hypoxia | The series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway is induced in response to hypoxia (lowered oxygen tension). Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level. The pathway ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. |
| JNK cascade | An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a JNK (a MAPK), a JNKK (a MAPKK) and a JUN3K (a MAP3K). The cascade can also contain an additional tier |
| liver development | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the liver over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The liver is an exocrine gland which secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes. |
| MAPK cascade | An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a MAPK, a MAPKK and a MAP3K. The cascade can also contain an additional tiers |
| mitotic intra-S DNA damage checkpoint signaling | A mitotic cell cycle checkpoint that slows DNA synthesis in response to DNA damage by the prevention of new origin firing and the stabilization of slow replication fork progression. |
| motor neuron apoptotic process | Any apoptotic process in a motor neuron, an efferent neuron that passes from the central nervous system or a ganglion toward or to a muscle and conducts an impulse that causes movement. |
| mRNA transcription by RNA polymerase II | The cellular synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA) from a DNA template by RNA polymerase II, originating at an RNA polymerase II promoter. |
| negative regulation of angiogenesis | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of angiogenesis. |
| negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation. |
| negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase II. |
| neurofilament cytoskeleton organization | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising neurofilaments and their associated proteins. |
| NK T cell differentiation | The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a NK T cell. |
| outflow tract morphogenesis | The process in which the anatomical structures of the outflow tract are generated and organized. The outflow tract is the portion of the heart through which blood flows into the arteries. |
| p38MAPK cascade | An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a p38 MAPK, a MAPKK and a MAP3K. The cascade can also contain an additional tier |
| positive regulation of cardiac muscle myoblast proliferation | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle myoblast proliferation. |
| positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription. |
| positive regulation of gene expression | Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). |
| positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability involved in apoptotic process | Any positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability that is involved in apoptotic process. |
| positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death of neurons by apoptotic process. |
| positive regulation of protein phosphorylation | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein. |
| positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. |
| positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta2 production | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of production of transforming growth factor-beta2. |
| protein import into nucleus | The directed movement of a protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. |
| regulation of DNA-templated transcription | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. |
| regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase II. |
| response to organic cyclic compound | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic compound stimulus. |
| response to osmotic stress | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of solutes outside the organism or cell. |
| transcription initiation-coupled chromatin remodeling | An epigenetic mechanism of regulation of gene expression that involves chromatin remodeling to capacitate gene expression by either modifying the chromatin fiber, the nucleosomal histones, or the DNA. |
| vacuole organization | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a vacuole. |
| white fat cell differentiation | The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a white adipocyte, an animal connective tissue cell involved in energy storage. White adipocytes have cytoplasmic lipids arranged in a unique vacuole. |
8 homologous proteins in AiPD
| UniProt AC | Gene Name | Protein Name | Species | Evidence Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| O93602 | ATF2 | Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 | Gallus gallus (Chicken) | SS |
| P15408 | FOSL2 | Fos-related antigen 2 | Homo sapiens (Human) | PR |
| Q02930 | CREB5 | Cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| P17544 | ATF7 | Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-7 | Homo sapiens (Human) | PR |
| P15336 | ATF2 | Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| P47930 | Fosl2 | Fos-related antigen 2 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | PR |
| Q8R0S1 | Atf7 | Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-7 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | PR |
| P16951 | Atf2 | Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 |
| MSDDKPFLCT | APGCGQRFTN | EDHLAVHKHK | HEMTLKFGPA | RNDSVIVADQ | TPTPTRFLKN |
| 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 |
| CEEVGLFNEL | ASPFENEFKK | ASEDDIKKMP | LDLSPLATPI | IRSKIEEPSV | VETTHQDSPL |
| 130 | 140 | 150 | 160 | 170 | 180 |
| PHPESTTNDE | KEIPLAQTAQ | PTSAIVRPAS | LQVPNVLLTS | SDSSVIIQQA | VPSPTSSTVI |
| 190 | 200 | 210 | 220 | 230 | 240 |
| TQAPSSNRPI | VPVPGPFPLL | LHLPNGQTMP | VAIPASITSS | NVHVPAAVPL | VRPVTMVPSV |
| 250 | 260 | 270 | 280 | 290 | 300 |
| PGIPGPSSPQ | PVQSEAKMRL | KAALTQQHPP | VTNGDTVKGH | GSGLVRAQSE | ESRPQSLQQP |
| 310 | 320 | 330 | 340 | 350 | 360 |
| ATSTTETPAS | PAHTTPQTQN | TSGRRRRAAN | EDPDEKRRKF | LERNRAAASR | CRQKRKVWVQ |
| 370 | 380 | 390 | 400 | 410 | 420 |
| SLEKKAEDLS | SLNGQLQSEV | TLLRNEVAQL | KQLLLAHKDC | PVTAMQKKSG | YHTADKDDSS |
| 430 | 440 | 450 | 460 | 470 | 480 |
| EDLSVPSSPH | TEAIQHSSVS | TSNGVSSTSK | TEAGATSVLT | QMADQSTEPA | LSQIVMAPSS |
| QAQPSGS |