Q00168
SS
Gene name |
CaMKII (CaM, CG18069) |
Protein name |
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II alpha chain |
Names |
CaM-kinase II alpha chain , EC 2.7.11.17 |
Species |
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) |
KEGG Pathway |
dme:Dmel_CG18069 |
EC number |
2.7.11.17: Protein-serine/threonine kinases |
Protein Class |
|
Descriptions
CaMKII is one of the most important transducers of Ca2+signals in a variety of cell types and is highly conserved across animal species. The calmodulin-responsive regulatory segment forms a coiled coil structure that blocks peptide and ATP binding to the otherwise intrinsically active kinase domain.Ca2+/CaM removes the autoinhibitory regulatory segment located C-terminal to the kinase domain which releases the catalytic activity of the enzyme.
Autoinhibitory domains (AIDs)
Target domain |
14-272 (Protein kinase domain) |
Relief mechanism |
Partner binding |
Assay |
|
Accessory elements
156-179 (Activation loop from InterPro)
Target domain |
14-272 (Protein kinase domain) |
Relief mechanism |
|
Assay |
|
References
- Rosenberg OS et al. (2005) "Structure of the autoinhibited kinase domain of CaMKII and SAXS analysis of the holoenzyme", Cell, 123, 849-60
- Rellos P et al. (2010) "Structure of the CaMKIIdelta/calmodulin complex reveals the molecular mechanism of CaMKII kinase activation", PLoS biology, 8, e1000426
- Akita T et al. (2018) "De novo variants in CAMK2A and CAMK2B cause neurodevelopmental disorders", Annals of clinical and translational neurology, 5, 280-296
- Morlot C et al. (2007) "Production of Slit2 LRR domains in mammalian cells for structural studies and the structure of human Slit2 domain 3", Acta crystallographica. Section D, Biological crystallography, 63, 961-8
- Yeon JH et al. (2016) "Systems-wide Identification of cis-Regulatory Elements in Proteins", Cell systems, 2, 89-100
- Yang E et al. (1999) "Structural examination of autoregulation of multifunctional calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II", The Journal of biological chemistry, 274, 26199-208
- Özden C et al. (2022) "CaMKII binds both substrates and activators at the active site", Cell reports, 40, 111064
Autoinhibited structure
Activated structure
4 structures for Q00168
| Entry ID | Method | Resolution | Chain | Position | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5FG8 | X-ray | 196 A | A | 1-283 | PDB |
| 5H9B | X-ray | 225 A | A | 1-283 | PDB |
| 5HU3 | X-ray | 189 A | A | 1-283 | PDB |
| AF-Q00168-F1 | Predicted | AlphaFoldDB |
No variants for Q00168
| Variant ID(s) | Position | Change | Description | Diseaes Association | Provenance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No variants for Q00168 | |||||
No associated diseases with Q00168
Functions
| Description | ||
|---|---|---|
| EC Number | 2.7.11.17 | Protein-serine/threonine kinases |
| Subcellular Localization |
|
|
| PANTHER Family | ||
| PANTHER Subfamily | ||
| PANTHER Protein Class | ||
| PANTHER Pathway Category | No pathway information available | |
6 GO annotations of cellular component
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| axon | The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter. |
| cytoplasm | The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. |
| dendrite | A neuron projection that has a short, tapering, morphology. Dendrites receive and integrate signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conduct nerve impulses towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body. |
| neuron projection | A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite. |
| postsynaptic membrane | A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters cross the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane. |
| presynaptic active zone | A specialized region of the plasma membrane and cell cortex of a presynaptic neuron; encompasses a region of the plasma membrane where synaptic vesicles dock and fuse, and a specialized cortical cytoskeletal matrix. |
5 GO annotations of molecular function
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| ATP binding | Binding to ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator. |
| calmodulin binding | Binding to calmodulin, a calcium-binding protein with many roles, both in the calcium-bound and calcium-free states. |
| calmodulin-dependent protein kinase activity | Calmodulin-dependent catalysis of the reactions |
| protein serine kinase activity | Catalysis of the reactions |
| protein serine/threonine kinase activity | Catalysis of the reactions |
16 GO annotations of biological process
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| cellular response to starvation | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of nourishment. |
| chemical synaptic transmission | The vesicular release of classical neurotransmitter molecules from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of neurotransmitter receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse. |
| courtship behavior | The behavior of an organism for the purpose of attracting sexual partners. |
| learning or memory | The acquisition and processing of information and/or the storage and retrieval of this information over time. |
| long-term memory | The memory process that deals with the storage, retrieval and modification of information a long time (typically weeks, months or years) after receiving that information. This type of memory is typically dependent on gene transcription regulated by second messenger activation. |
| male courtship behavior | The behavior of a male, for the purpose of attracting a sexual partner. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster. |
| negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic signaling pathway. |
| negative regulation of cytokine production | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of production of a cytokine. |
| negative regulation of lipid storage | Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of lipid storage. Lipid storage is the accumulation and maintenance in cells or tissues of lipids, compounds soluble in organic solvents but insoluble or sparingly soluble in aqueous solvents. Lipid reserves can be accumulated during early developmental stages for mobilization and utilization at later stages of development. |
| neuromuscular junction development | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a neuromuscular junction. |
| peptidyl-threonine autophosphorylation | The phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own threonine amino acid residues, or a threonine residue on an identical protein. |
| positive regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic | Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dopaminergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter dopamine. |
| protein phosphorylation | The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein. |
| regulation of filopodium assembly | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of a filopodium, a thin, stiff protrusion extended by the leading edge of a motile cell such as a crawling fibroblast or amoeba, or an axonal growth cone. |
| regulation of ovulation | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ovulation, the release of a mature ovum/oocyte from an ovary. |
| regulation of synaptic assembly at neuromuscular junction | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic assembly at neuromuscular junctions. |
51 homologous proteins in AiPD
| UniProt AC | Gene Name | Protein Name | Species | Evidence Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q2HJF7 | CAMK2D | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta | Bos taurus (Bovine) | SS |
| Q3MHJ9 | CAMK2B | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta | Bos taurus (Bovine) | SS |
| Q5ZKI0 | CAMK2D | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II delta chain | Gallus gallus (Chicken) | SS |
| Q24210 | CASK | Peripheral plasma membrane protein CASK | Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) | SS |
| O14936 | CASK | Peripheral plasma membrane protein CASK | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| Q13554 | CAMK2B | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| Q13555 | CAMK2G | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| Q9UQM7 | CAMK2A | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| Q13557 | CAMK2D | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| O70589 | Cask | Peripheral plasma membrane protein CASK | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| Q923T9 | Camk2g | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| P11798 | Camk2a | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha | Mus musculus (Mouse) | PR |
| Q6PHZ2 | Camk2d | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| P28652 | Camk2b | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| Q95266 | CAMK2D | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta | Sus scrofa (Pig) | SS |
| P08413 | Camk2b | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | SS |
| P11730 | Camk2g | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | SS |
| P11275 | Camk2a | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | PR |
| P15791 | Camk2d | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | SS |
| Q5VQQ5 | CPK2 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 2 | Oryza sativa subsp. japonica (Rice) | SS |
| Q6I5I8 | CPK16 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 16 | Oryza sativa subsp. japonica (Rice) | SS |
| Q8LPZ7 | CPK3 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 3 | Oryza sativa subsp. japonica (Rice) | SS |
| Q84SL0 | CPK20 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 20 | Oryza sativa subsp. japonica (Rice) | SS |
| Q75GE8 | CPK8 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 8 | Oryza sativa subsp. japonica (Rice) | SS |
| P54936 | lin-2 | Protein lin-2 | Caenorhabditis elegans | SS |
| O62305 | unc-43 | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II | Caenorhabditis elegans | EV |
| P28583 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase SK5 | Glycine max (Soybean) (Glycine hispida) | PR | |
| Q3E9C0 | CPK34 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 34 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q9FMP5 | CPK17 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 17 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q42479 | CPK3 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 3 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q06850 | CPK1 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 1 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q38870 | CPK2 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 2 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q38872 | CPK6 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 6 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q9ZV15 | CPK20 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 20 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q9ZSA4 | CPK27 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 27 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q39016 | CPK11 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 11 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | SS |
| Q38869 | CPK4 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 4 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | SS |
| Q42396 | CPK12 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 12 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | SS |
| Q8W4I7 | CPK13 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 13 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q9SSF8 | CPK30 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 30 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q9M9V8 | CPK10 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 10 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q9SIQ7 | CPK24 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 24 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q9SJ61 | CPK25 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 25 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q7XJR9 | CPK16 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 16 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q38873 | CPK7 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 7 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| P93759 | GK-1 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 14 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q6NLQ6 | CPK32 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 32 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q1PE17 | CPK18 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 18 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | SS |
| Q9FKW4 | CPK28 | Calcium-dependent protein kinase 28 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | SS |
| Q6DEH3 | camk2d1 | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II delta 1 chain | Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (Brachydanio rerio) | SS |
| Q6DGS3 | camk2d2 | Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II delta 2 chain | Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (Brachydanio rerio) | SS |
| 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 |
| MAAPAACTRF | SDNYDIKEEL | GKGAFSIVKR | CVQKSTGFEF | AAKIINTKKL | TARDFQKLER |
| 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 |
| EARICRKLHH | PNIVRLHDSI | QEENYHYLVF | DLVTGGELFE | DIVAREFYSE | ADASHCIQQI |
| 130 | 140 | 150 | 160 | 170 | 180 |
| LESVNHCHQN | GVVHRDLKPE | NLLLASKAKG | AAVKLADFGL | AIEVQGDHQA | WFGFAGTPGY |
| 190 | 200 | 210 | 220 | 230 | 240 |
| LSPEVLKKEP | YGKSVDIWAC | GVILYILLVG | YPPFWDEDQH | RLYSQIKAGA | YDYPSPEWDT |
| 250 | 260 | 270 | 280 | 290 | 300 |
| VTPEAKNLIN | QMLTVNPNKR | ITAAEALKHP | WICQRERVAS | VVHRQETVDC | LKKFNARRKL |
| 310 | 320 | 330 | 340 | 350 | 360 |
| KGAILTTMLA | TRNFSSRSMI | TKKGEGSQVK | ESTDSSSTTL | EDDDIKEDKK | GTVDRSTTVV |
| 370 | 380 | 390 | 400 | 410 | 420 |
| SKEPEDIRIL | CPAKTYQQNI | GNSQCSSARR | QEIIKITEQL | IEAINSGDFD | GYTKICDPHL |
| 430 | 440 | 450 | 460 | 470 | 480 |
| TAFEPEALGN | LVEGIDFHKF | YFENVLGKNC | KAINTTILNP | HVHLLGEEAA | CIAYVRLTQY |
| 490 | 500 | 510 | 520 | ||
| IDKQGHAHTH | QSEETRVWHK | RDNKWQNVHF | HRSASAKISG | ATTFDFIPQK |