| adult heart development |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the adult heart over time, from its formation to the mature structure. |
| apoptotic process |
A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died. |
| apoptotic process involved in heart morphogenesis |
Any apoptotic process that contributes to the shaping of the heart. |
| atrial cardiac muscle cell development |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an atrial cardiac muscle cell over time, from its formation to the mature state. Cardiac muscle cells are striated muscle cells that are responsible for heart contraction. The atrium is the part of the heart that receives blood into the organ. |
| atrial cardiac muscle tissue development |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of cardiac muscle of the atrium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. |
| atrial septum morphogenesis |
The developmental process in which atrial septum is generated and organized. The atrial septum separates the upper chambers (the atria) of the heart from one another. |
| atrioventricular node cell development |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an atrioventricular (AV) node cell over time, from its formation to the mature state. |
| atrioventricular node cell fate commitment |
The commitment of cells to atrioventricular (AV) node cell fates and their capacity to differentiate into AV node cells. |
| atrioventricular node development |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the atrioventricular (AV) node over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The AV node is part of the cardiac conduction system that controls the timing of ventricle contraction by receiving electrical signals from the sinoatrial (SA) node and relaying them to the His-Purkinje system. |
| bundle of His development |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the bundle of His over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The bundle of His is part of the His-Purkinje system that transmits signals from the AV node to the cardiac Purkinje fibers. |
| cardiac conduction system development |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cardiac conduction system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cardiac conduction system consists of specialized cardiomyocytes that regulate the frequency of heart beat. |
| cardiac muscle cell development |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cardiac muscle cell over time, from its formation to the mature state. |
| cardiac muscle cell differentiation |
The process in which a cardiac muscle precursor cell acquires specialized features of a cardiac muscle cell. Cardiac muscle cells are striated muscle cells that are responsible for heart contraction. |
| cardiac muscle cell proliferation |
The expansion of a cardiac muscle cell population by cell division. |
| cardiac muscle contraction |
Muscle contraction of cardiac muscle tissue. |
| cardiac muscle tissue development |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of cardiac muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. |
| cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis |
The process in which the anatomical structures of cardiac muscle tissue are generated and organized. |
| cardiac ventricle formation |
The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a cardiac ventricle from unspecified parts. A cardiac ventricle receives blood from a cardiac atrium and pumps it out of the heart. |
| cardiac ventricle morphogenesis |
The process in which the cardiac ventricle is generated and organized. A cardiac ventricle receives blood from a cardiac atrium and pumps it out of the heart. |
| cell differentiation |
The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state. |
| cell population proliferation |
The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. |
| embryonic heart tube development |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryonic heart tube over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The heart tube forms as the heart rudiment from the heart field. |
| embryonic heart tube left/right pattern formation |
The pattern specification process that results in the subdivision of the left/right axis of the embryonic heart tube in space to define an area or volume in which specific patterns of cell differentiation will take place. |
| endoderm development |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the endoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The endoderm is the innermost germ layer that develops into the gastrointestinal tract, the lungs and associated tissues. |
| epithelial cell apoptotic process |
Any apoptotic process in an epithelial cell. |
| epithelial cell differentiation |
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an epithelial cell, any of the cells making up an epithelium. |
| epithelial cell proliferation |
The multiplication or reproduction of epithelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Epithelial cells make up the epithelium, the covering of internal and external surfaces of the body, including the lining of vessels and other small cavities. It consists of cells joined by small amounts of cementing substances. |
| heart contraction |
The multicellular organismal process in which the heart decreases in volume in a characteristic way to propel blood through the body. |
| heart development |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the heart over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood. |
| heart looping |
The tube morphogenesis process in which the primitive heart tube loops asymmetrically. This looping brings the primitive heart chambers into alignment preceding their future integration. Heart looping begins with dextral-looping and ends when the main regional divisions of the mature heart and primordium of the great arterial trunks become established preceeding septation. |
| heart morphogenesis |
The developmental process in which the heart is generated and organized. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood. |
| heart trabecula formation |
The process of creating a trabecula in the heart. A trabecula is a tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod. |
| hemopoiesis |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the myeloid and lymphoid derived organ/tissue systems of the blood and other parts of the body over time, from formation to the mature structure. The site of hemopoiesis is variable during development, but occurs primarily in bone marrow or kidney in many adult vertebrates. |
| negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway |
Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes. |
| negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process |
Any process that decreases the rate or extent of cardiac cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a cardiac muscle cell and result in its death. |
| negative regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process |
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell apoptotic process. |
| negative regulation of myotube differentiation |
Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of myotube differentiation. Myotube differentiation is the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myotube cell. Myotubes are multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse. |
| negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II |
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase II. |
| outflow tract morphogenesis |
The process in which the anatomical structures of the outflow tract are generated and organized. The outflow tract is the portion of the heart through which blood flows into the arteries. |
| outflow tract septum morphogenesis |
The process in which the anatomical structures of the outflow tract septum are generated and organized. The outflow tract septum is a partition in the outflow tract. |
| pharyngeal system development |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pharyngeal system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The pharyngeal system is a transient embryonic complex that is specific to vertebrates. It comprises the pharyngeal arches, bulges of tissues of mesoderm and neural crest derivation through which pass nerves and pharyngeal arch arteries. The arches are separated internally by pharyngeal pouches, evaginations of foregut endoderm, and externally by pharyngeal clefts, invaginations of surface ectoderm. The development of the system ends when the stucture it contributes to are forming: the thymus, thyroid, parathyroids, maxilla, mandible, aortic arch, cardiac outflow tract, external and middle ear. |
| positive regulation of cardioblast differentiation |
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized mesodermal cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cardioblast. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating. |
| positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription |
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. |
| positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation |
Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation. |
| positive regulation of gene expression |
Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). |
| positive regulation of heart contraction |
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of heart contraction. |
| positive regulation of neuron differentiation |
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuron differentiation. |
| positive regulation of sodium ion transport |
Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. |
| positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II |
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. |
| positive regulation of transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II |
Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of a process involved in starting transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. |
| proepicardium development |
The progression of the proepicardium from its formation to the mature structure. The proepicardium is an outpouching of the septum transversum. |
| pulmonary myocardium development |
The progression of the pulmonary myocardium over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The pulmonary myocardium is the myocardial tissue present in the pulmonary vein. |
| Purkinje myocyte differentiation |
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a Purkinje myocyte (also known as cardiac Purkinje fiber cell). These cells are specialized cardiomyocytes that receive signals from the bundle of His and innervate the ventricular cardiac muscle. |
| regulation of cardiac conduction |
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac conduction. |
| regulation of cardiac muscle cell proliferation |
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell proliferation. |
| regulation of cardiac muscle contraction |
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle contraction. |
| regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II |
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase II. |
| right ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis |
The process in which the anatomical structures of the right cardiac ventricle muscle are generated and organized. |
| septum secundum development |
The progression of the septum secundum over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. |
| spleen development |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the spleen over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The spleen is a large vascular lymphatic organ composed of white and red pulp, involved both in hemopoietic and immune system functions. |
| thyroid gland development |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the thyroid gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The thyroid gland is an endoderm-derived gland that produces thyroid hormone. |
| tongue development |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the tongue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The tongue is the movable, muscular organ on the floor of the mouth of most vertebrates, in many other mammals is the principal organ of taste, aids in the prehension of food, in swallowing, and in modifying the voice as in speech. |
| transcription by RNA polymerase II |
The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template by RNA polymerase II (RNAP II), originating at an RNA polymerase II promoter. Includes transcription of messenger RNA (mRNA) and certain small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). |
| vasculogenesis |
The differentiation of endothelial cells from progenitor cells during blood vessel development, and the de novo formation of blood vessels and tubes. |
| ventricular cardiac muscle cell development |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a ventricular cardiac muscle cell over time, from its formation to the mature state. Cardiac muscle cells are striated muscle cells that are responsible for heart contraction. The ventricle is the part of the heart that pumps blood out of the organ. |
| ventricular cardiac myofibril assembly |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ventricular cardiac myofibril over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A cardiac myofibril is a myofibril specific to cardiac muscle cells. |
| ventricular septum morphogenesis |
The developmental process in which a ventricular septum is generated and organized. A ventricular septum is an anatomical structure that separates the lower chambers (ventricles) of the heart from one another. |
| ventricular trabecula myocardium morphogenesis |
The process in which the anatomical structures of the trabecular cardiac ventricle muscle are generated and organized. |
