P42124
SS
Gene name |
E(z) (KMT6, CG6502) |
Protein name |
Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase E |
Names |
z , EC 2.1.1.356 , Lysine N-methyltransferase 6 , Protein enhancer of zeste |
Species |
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) |
KEGG Pathway |
dme:Dmel_CG6502 |
EC number |
2.1.1.356: Methyltransferases |
Protein Class |
|
Descriptions
The histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2 (EZH2) is a catalytic subunit of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and is involved in histone methylation and transcriptional repression. Autoinhibition of EZH2 is achieved through the C-terminus folding back into the active site, effectively blocking substrate engagement. This conformational state is inactive, preventing enzymatic activity and ensuring EZH2 only functions when properly complexed, preventing aberrant methylation activity. The inhibited activity of EZH2 could be alleviated by interactions with its binding partners EED and SUZ12, which could induce a conformational change in EZH2
Autoinhibitory domains (AIDs)
Target domain |
660-745 (Active sites of SET domain) |
Relief mechanism |
Partner binding, Ligand binding |
Assay |
|
Accessory elements
No accessory elements
Autoinhibited structure
Activated structure
1 structures for P42124
| Entry ID | Method | Resolution | Chain | Position | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AF-P42124-F1 | Predicted | AlphaFoldDB |
No variants for P42124
| Variant ID(s) | Position | Change | Description | Diseaes Association | Provenance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No variants for P42124 | |||||
No associated diseases with P42124
9 regional properties for P42124
| Type | Name | Position | InterPro Accession |
|---|---|---|---|
| domain | SANT/Myb domain | 152 - 292 | IPR001005-1 |
| domain | SANT/Myb domain | 443 - 491 | IPR001005-2 |
| domain | SET domain | 626 - 747 | IPR001214 |
| domain | CXC domain | 518 - 619 | IPR026489 |
| domain | Tesmin/TSO1-like CXC domain | 570 - 607 | IPR033467 |
| domain | Polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit EZH1/EZH2, tri-helical domain | 151 - 291 | IPR041343 |
| domain | Pre-SET CXC domain | 574 - 605 | IPR041355 |
| domain | EZH2, SET domain | 623 - 742 | IPR044439 |
| domain | EZH1/2, MCSS domain | 298 - 352 | IPR048358 |
Functions
| Description | ||
|---|---|---|
| EC Number | 2.1.1.356 | Methyltransferases |
| Subcellular Localization |
|
|
| PANTHER Family | ||
| PANTHER Subfamily | ||
| PANTHER Protein Class | ||
| PANTHER Pathway Category | No pathway information available | |
4 GO annotations of cellular component
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| chromatin | The ordered and organized complex of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that forms the chromosome. |
| ESC/E(Z) complex | A multimeric protein complex that can methylate lysine-27 and lysine-9 residues of histone H3. In Drosophila the core subunits of the complex include ESC, E(Z), CAF1 (NURF-55) and SU(Z)12. In mammals the core subunits of the complex include EED, EZH2, SUZ12 and RBBP4. |
| histone methyltransferase complex | A multimeric complex that is able to catalyze the addition of methyl groups to histone proteins. |
| nucleus | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. |
7 GO annotations of molecular function
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| chromatin binding | Binding to chromatin, the network of fibers of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that make up the chromosomes of the eukaryotic nucleus during interphase. |
| DNA binding | Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively and non-covalently with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). |
| histone H3K27 methyltransferase activity | Catalysis of the reaction |
| histone H3K27 trimethyltransferase activity | Catalysis of the reaction |
| histone H3K9 methyltransferase activity | Catalysis of the reaction |
| histone methyltransferase activity | Catalysis of the reaction |
| sequence-specific DNA binding | Binding to DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding. |
10 GO annotations of biological process
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| anterior/posterior axis specification | The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the anterior/posterior axis. The anterior-posterior axis is defined by a line that runs from the head or mouth of an organism to the tail or opposite end of the organism. |
| axon guidance | The chemotaxis process that directs the migration of an axon growth cone to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. |
| facultative heterochromatin formation | The compaction of chromatin into a conformation that is refactory to transcription but that be converted to euchromatin and allow transcription in specific contexts. These can be temporal (e.g., developmental states or specific cell-cycle stages), spatial (e.g., nuclear localization changes from the center to the periphery or vice versa due to exogenous factors/signals), or parental/heritable (e.g., monoallelic gene expression). |
| heterochromatin formation | An epigenetic gene silencing mechanism in which chromatin is compacted into heterochromatin, resulting in a chromatin conformation refractory to transcription. This process starts with heterochromatin nucleation, its spreading, and ends with heterochromatin boundary formation. |
| methylation | The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule. |
| negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. |
| neurogenesis | Generation of cells within the nervous system. |
| regulation of neuroblast proliferation | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neuroblast proliferation. |
| regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase II. |
| syncytial blastoderm mitotic cell cycle | Mitotic division cycles 10 to 13 of the insect embryo. This is the second phase of the syncytial period where nuclei divide in a common cytoplasm without cytokinesis. The majority of migrating nuclei reach the embryo surface during cycle 10, after which they divide less synchronously than before, and the syncytial blastoderm cycles lengthen progressively. |
8 homologous proteins in AiPD
| UniProt AC | Gene Name | Protein Name | Species | Evidence Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A7E2Z2 | EZH1 | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH1 | Bos taurus (Bovine) | SS |
| Q92800 | EZH1 | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH1 | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| Q15910 | EZH2 | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2 | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| P70351 | Ezh1 | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH1 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| Q61188 | Ezh2 | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| O65312 | MEA | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase MEDEA | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| Q28D84 | ezh2 | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2 | Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (Silurana tropicalis) | SS |
| Q08BS4 | ezh2 | Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EZH2 | Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (Brachydanio rerio) | SS |
| 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 |
| MNSTKVPPEW | KRRVKSEYIK | IRQQKRYKRA | DEIKEAWIRN | WDEHNHNVQD | LYCESKVWQA |
| 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 |
| KPYDPPHVDC | VKRAEVTSYN | GIPSGPQKVP | ICVINAVTPI | PTMYTWAPTQ | QNFMVEDETV |
| 130 | 140 | 150 | 160 | 170 | 180 |
| LHNIPYMGDE | VLDKDGKFIE | ELIKNYDGKV | HGDKDPSFMD | DAIFVELVHA | LMRSYSKELE |
| 190 | 200 | 210 | 220 | 230 | 240 |
| EAAPGTATAI | KTETLAKSKQ | GEDDGVVDVD | ADGESPMKLE | KTDSKGDLTE | VEKKETEEPL |
| 250 | 260 | 270 | 280 | 290 | 300 |
| ETEDADVKPD | VEEVKDKLPF | PAPIIFQAIS | ANFPDKGTAQ | ELKEKYIELT | EHQDPERPQE |
| 310 | 320 | 330 | 340 | 350 | 360 |
| CTPNIDGIKA | ESVSRERTMH | SFHTLFCRRC | FKYDCFLHRL | QGHAGPNLQK | RRYPELKPFA |
| 370 | 380 | 390 | 400 | 410 | 420 |
| EPCSNSCYML | IDGMKEKLAA | DSKTPPIDSC | NEASSEDSND | SNSQFSNKDF | NHENSKDNGL |
| 430 | 440 | 450 | 460 | 470 | 480 |
| TVNSAAVAEI | NSIMAGMMNI | TSTQCVWTGA | DQALYRVLHK | VYLKNYCAIA | HNMLTKTCRQ |
| 490 | 500 | 510 | 520 | 530 | 540 |
| VYEFAQKEDA | EFSFEDLRQD | FTPPRKKKKK | QRLWSLHCRK | IQLKKDSSSN | HVYNYTPCDH |
| 550 | 560 | 570 | 580 | 590 | 600 |
| PGHPCDMNCS | CIQTQNFCEK | FCNCSSDCQN | RFPGCRCKAQ | CNTKQCPCYL | AVRECDPDLC |
| 610 | 620 | 630 | 640 | 650 | 660 |
| QACGADQFKL | TKITCKNVCV | QRGLHKHLLM | APSDIAGWGI | FLKEGAQKNE | FISEYCGEII |
| 670 | 680 | 690 | 700 | 710 | 720 |
| SQDEADRRGK | VYDKYMCSFL | FNLNNDFVVD | ATRKGNKIRF | ANHSINPNCY | AKVMMVTGDH |
| 730 | 740 | 750 | |||
| RIGIFAKRAI | QPGEELFFDY | RYGPTEQLKF | VGIEREMEIV |