Descriptions

Cytoplasmic dynein-1 (DYN1) is the main minus-end-directed microtubule motor responsible for transporting vesicles, protein complexes, RNAs, organelles, and viruses along microtubules. Lone, single dynein molecules are in an autoinhibited state, in which the two motor heads are stacked together. In this state, dynein moves diffusively along a microtubule with only a small bias towards the minus end of the microtubule. When the two heads were physically separated by a rigid rod, the movement of dynein molecules became directed and processive. In addition, assembly of multiple dynein molecules on a single cargo enables them to move unidirectionally and generate force cooperatively.
Autoinhibition of cytoplasmic dynein-1 is relieved by Lis1 acting as a molecular wedge. Lis1 is the only dynein regulator known to bind directly to dynein’s AAA+ motor domain, with two known binding sites: one on dynein’s motor domain between AAA3 and AAA4, and the other on dynein’s stalk, a long antiparallel coiled coil that leads to dynein’s microtubule-binding domain. This interaction with Lis1 induces significant conformational changes, facilitating the transition from an autoinhibited 'Phi' state to an active complex involving dynein, dynactin, and activating adapters.

Autoinhibitory domains (AIDs)

Target domain

1758-3970 (Motor domain in other dynein-1)

Relief mechanism

Partner binding

Assay

Structural analysis, Mutagenesis experiment, Deletion assay

Accessory elements

No accessory elements

Autoinhibited structure

Activated structure

20 structures for P36022

Entry ID Method Resolution Chain Position Source
3J67 EM 3400 A A 1554-4092 PDB
3J68 EM 3000 A A 1554-4092 PDB
3QMZ X-ray 600 A A/B 1364-4092 PDB
4AI6 X-ray 340 A A/B 1364-4092 PDB
4AKG X-ray 330 A A/B 1364-4092 PDB
4AKH X-ray 360 A A/B 1364-4092 PDB
4AKI X-ray 370 A A/B 1364-4092 PDB
4W8F X-ray 354 A PDB
5AFR X-ray 500 A A/B 1-557 PDB
5VH9 EM 770 A A 1448-4092 PDB
5VLJ EM 1050 A A 1448-4092 PDB
6KIO EM 394 A M 3095-3224 PDB
6KIQ EM 362 A M 3095-3224 PDB
6KJN NMR - A 3095-3232 PDB
6KJO NMR - A 3095-3232 PDB
7MGM EM 310 A A 1219-4092 PDB
7MI1 X-ray 450 A PDB
7MI3 EM 350 A PDB
7MI6 EM 390 A PDB
7MI8 EM 370 A PDB

90 variants for P36022

Variant ID(s) Position Change Description Diseaes Association Provenance
s11-547563 2 C>F No SGRP
s11-547497 24 K>R No SGRP
s11-547459 37 Y>H No SGRP
s11-547364 68 E>D No SGRP
s11-547216 118 I>L No SGRP
s11-546979 197 K>E No SGRP
s11-546718 284 A>T No SGRP
s11-546606 321 V>A No SGRP
s11-546594 325 S>N No SGRP
s11-546576 331 Q>L No SGRP
s11-546519 350 P>Q No SGRP
s11-546505 355 V>I No SGRP
s11-546344 408 L>F No SGRP
s11-546201 456 S>N No SGRP
s11-546045 508 T>M No SGRP
s11-546029 513 M>I No SGRP
s11-545763 602 Q>L No SGRP
s11-545605 655 T>A No SGRP
s11-545506 688 S>G No SGRP
s11-545253 772 C>F No SGRP
s11-545079 830 A>V No SGRP
s11-545058 837 T>I No SGRP
s11-545047 841 T>A No SGRP
s11-544927 881 N>D No SGRP
s11-544794 925 T>N No SGRP
s11-544709 953 I>M No SGRP
s11-544498 1024 R>S No SGRP
s11-544440 1043 E>G No SGRP
s11-544406 1054 N>K No SGRP
s11-544324 1082 V>L No SGRP
s11-544297 1091 D>Y No SGRP
s11-544222 1116 V>I No SGRP
s11-544101 1156 N>T No SGRP
s11-544015 1185 K>E No SGRP
s11-544012 1186 I>L No SGRP
s11-543825 1248 T>I No SGRP
s11-543766 1268 F>I No SGRP
s11-543661 1303 V>M No SGRP
s11-543483 1362 Q>R No SGRP
s11-543441 1376 K>I No SGRP
s11-543408 1387 E>G No SGRP
s11-543370 1400 V>I No SGRP
s11-542845 1575 L>F No SGRP
s11-542835 1578 F>S No SGRP
s11-542643 1642 K>T No SGRP
s11-542566 1668 Q>E No SGRP
s11-542239 1777 I>V No SGRP
s11-541618 1984 I>V No SGRP
s11-541441 2043 Q>K No SGRP
s11-541434 2045 S>N No SGRP
s11-541213 2119 L>V No SGRP
s11-540996 2191 R>H No SGRP
s11-540697 2291 A>T No SGRP
s11-540675 2298 Y>C No SGRP
s11-540643 2309 S>C No SGRP
s11-540588 2327 A>V No SGRP
s11-540546 2341 T>I No SGRP
s11-540517 2351 Q>E No SGRP
s11-540447 2374 E>G No SGRP
s11-540277 2431 A>S No SGRP
s11-540247 2441 V>I No SGRP
s11-539968 2534 A>T No SGRP
s11-539739 2610 G>A No SGRP
s11-539133 2812 R>H No SGRP
s11-538762 2936 I>V No SGRP
s11-538744 2942 D>N No SGRP
s11-538699 2957 P>S No SGRP
s11-538575 2998 A>V No SGRP
s11-538382 3062 E>D No SGRP
s11-538292 3092 E>D No SGRP
s11-538268 3100 D>E No SGRP
s11-538237 3111 G>C No SGRP
s11-537969 3200 N>S No SGRP
s11-537819 3250 A>V No SGRP
s11-537771 3266 R>Q No SGRP
s11-537540 3343 A>G No SGRP
s11-537349 3407 L>F No SGRP
s11-537258 3437 V>A No SGRP
s11-537238 3444 I>V No SGRP
s11-536901 3556 K>R No SGRP
s11-536587 3661 S>P No SGRP
s11-536506 3688 T>A No SGRP
s11-536359 3737 T>A No SGRP
s11-536344 3742 N>D No SGRP
s11-535885 3895 F>V No SGRP
s11-535750 3940 T>A No SGRP
s11-535587 3994 Y>F No SGRP
s11-535501 4023 I>V No SGRP
s11-535455 4038 E>A No SGRP
s11-535354 4072 N>D No SGRP

No associated diseases with P36022

13 regional properties for P36022

Type Name Position InterPro Accession
domain AAA+ ATPase domain 1788 - 2114 IPR003593-1
domain AAA+ ATPase domain 2410 - 2560 IPR003593-2
domain AAA+ ATPase domain 2752 - 2918 IPR003593-3
domain Dynein heavy chain region D6 P-loop domain 3792 - 3894 IPR004273
domain Dynein heavy chain, tail 220 - 763 IPR013594
domain Dynein heavy chain, linker 1221 - 1626 IPR013602
domain Dynein heavy chain, AAA module D4 2732 - 2935 IPR024317
domain Dynein heavy chain, coiled coil stalk 3018 - 3346 IPR024743
domain Dynein heavy chain, hydrolytic ATP-binding dynein motor region 1758 - 2081 IPR035699
domain Dynein heavy chain, ATP-binding dynein motor region 3378 - 3597 IPR035706
domain Dynein heavy chain 3, AAA+ lid domain 2608 - 2681 IPR041589
domain Dynein heavy chain AAA lid domain 3929 - 4016 IPR041658
domain DYN1, AAA+ ATPase lid domain 2223 - 2358 IPR048404

Functions

Description
EC Number
Subcellular Localization
  • Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton
  • Concentrates at motile dots in the cytoplasm corresponding to the plus ends of cytoplasmic microtubules
PANTHER Family PTHR10676 DYNEIN HEAVY CHAIN FAMILY PROTEIN
PANTHER Subfamily PTHR10676:SF314 CYTOPLASMIC DYNEIN 1 HEAVY CHAIN 1
PANTHER Protein Class microtubule binding motor protein
microtubule or microtubule-binding cytoskeletal protein
PANTHER Pathway Category Huntington disease
Dynein complex

6 GO annotations of cellular component

Name Definition
astral microtubule Any of the spindle microtubules that radiate in all directions from the spindle poles and are thought to contribute to the forces that separate the poles and position them in relation to the rest of the cell.
cell cortex The region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins.
cytoplasm The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
cytoplasmic dynein complex Any dynein complex with a homodimeric dynein heavy chain core that catalyzes movement along a microtubule. Cytoplasmic dynein complexes participate in many cytoplasmic transport activities in eukaryotes, such as mRNA localization, intermediate filament transport, nuclear envelope breakdown, apoptosis, transport of centrosomal proteins, mitotic spindle assembly, virus transport, kinetochore functions, and movement of signaling and spindle checkpoint proteins. Some complexes participate in intraflagellar transport. Subunits associated with the dynein heavy chain mediate association between dynein heavy chain and cargoes, and may include light chains and light intermediate chains.
cytoplasmic microtubule Any microtubule in the cytoplasm of a cell.
spindle pole body The microtubule organizing center in fungi; functionally homologous to the animal cell centrosome.

5 GO annotations of molecular function

Name Definition
ATP binding Binding to ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.
ATP hydrolysis activity Catalysis of the reaction
dynein intermediate chain binding Binding to an intermediate chain of the dynein complex.
dynein light intermediate chain binding Binding to a light intermediate chain of the dynein complex.
minus-end-directed microtubule motor activity A motor activity that generates movement along a microtubule toward the minus end, driven by ATP hydrolysis.

8 GO annotations of biological process

Name Definition
cytoplasmic microtubule organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of structures formed of microtubules and associated proteins in the cytoplasm of a cell.
establishment of mitotic spindle localization The cell cycle process in which the directed movement of the mitotic spindle to a specific location in the cell occurs.
establishment of mitotic spindle orientation A cell cycle process that sets the alignment of mitotic spindle relative to other cellular structures.
karyogamy The creation of a single nucleus from multiple nuclei as a result of fusing the lipid bilayers that surround each nuclei.
mitotic sister chromatid segregation The cell cycle process in which replicated homologous chromosomes are organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two sets during the mitotic cell cycle. Each replicated chromosome, composed of two sister chromatids, aligns at the cell equator, paired with its homologous partner. One homolog of each morphologic type goes into each of the resulting chromosome sets.
mitotic spindle organization A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the microtubule spindle during a mitotic cell cycle.
nuclear migration The directed movement of the nucleus to a specific location within a cell.
nuclear migration along microtubule The directed movement of the nucleus along microtubules within the cell, mediated by motor proteins.

5 homologous proteins in AiPD

UniProt AC Gene Name Protein Name Species Evidence Code
P37276 Dhc64C Dynein heavy chain, cytoplasmic Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) SS
Q14204 DYNC1H1 Cytoplasmic dynein 1 heavy chain 1 Homo sapiens (Human) EV
Q9JHU4 Dync1h1 Cytoplasmic dynein 1 heavy chain 1 Mus musculus (Mouse) SS
P38650 Dync1h1 Cytoplasmic dynein 1 heavy chain 1 Rattus norvegicus (Rat) SS
Q19020 dhc-1 Dynein heavy chain, cytoplasmic Caenorhabditis elegans SS
10 20 30 40 50 60
MCKNEARLAN ELIEFVAATV TGIKNSPKEN EQAFIDYLHC QYLERFQFFL GLLDGREFDT
70 80 90 100 110 120
LFVFLFEELD RTIVTIDIGE EAIYDANLAN KKYSTLLIIK SRSVIVDAEP IATQISAIYL
130 140 150 160 170 180
PGPVNAGNLA SIITHGVSSV FGQLIKSDTK TYSVETIDKT RRKLDDISKQ FQQLHTSIET
190 200 210 220 230 240
PDLLAMVPSI IKLAVSKGAT SHDYANYLPS NDLESMRFLN ILQSIANKWF LVLKQTLAID
250 260 270 280 290 300
RDIKNGSFLD EVEFWSNFYE VLKSLIEQTQ SQEFQVCLSV LTNAKRFHNL TNLLNEGSLS
310 320 330 340 350 360
DKFKLADKYN QFLSSIPIDE VRQASNLEDL QELFPVLASS LKKFRYSGYP VQRFVVLMDK
370 380 390 400 410 420
ISQEVMDAIL SNLSDLFQLE YGSFLGLYEK SAGMIEEWDD IVQDVNLLIR EDLRKRAPQE
430 440 450 460 470 480
LLIQKLTFTS ASVKATLDEI LSTRKRFFSL AETIKSISPS TYHEEIQRLY HPFEQIHDIS
490 500 510 520 530 540
VNFRLKLEQA ESEFSKNMLD LEKKLQNTLA SFMDSDHCPT EKLSYLVKFK PLMELCPRIK
550 560 570 580 590 600
VKVLENQQIL LLEIKKDIRQ LETGLELLPK ILHVEALNNI PPISARISYF LNVQSRIDNI
610 620 630 640 650 660
VQYLEALFGS NWNDTLEGRS ISTSIVQLRK ETNPHDVFLH WLGNFPEKAT ANLLTTPILK
670 680 690 700 710 720
LIRNNEDDYE LKVNFDFALA AAYSELRSLT YMAFQVPSHI VRIARTYMYL YPRAINLVEL
730 740 750 760 770 780
IQTFFSLSKS LSYTFYTNIF LKRNVQTVWL LLQQILITPW ESLQEESSEM SCSVHSLARL
790 800 810 820 830 840
EKSIDGILSD YQILKNSEPQ FAKEFSGLKS FDGTADDLHE VEEIISNIQA IFENLFTKGL
850 860 870 880 890 900
TNVSDHISTF NNLIISIILE KVRLNLKKMH FPKHVLKLSF NEGRITSSPS LAAMKRSLLK
910 920 930 940 950 960
DIEALLNKVV LINFLHDPDH PLSTTLTFNS LVIKLKDDIQ NCIEQVQNLH CKINSYVKEW
970 980 990 1000 1010 1020
QKMEFLWQIT EEAFLEVVDN STQRCFGILK GLLDSQSKFD LIISRNNFSK NLVLHTEDAQ
1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080
RHIRSKMDSW ILYVSKHLLT IYERDARKLH EDMNRDREAV EDMDINFTSL KNITVIIEAV
1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140
NVNKRHLTER DIQIKLLGSV MRALTKLKVR FPSHFVYIDQ LDNDFSSLRQ SLSYVEQELQ
1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200
KHRVVIAKSL EEGVENINNL SQSLNESWSV RKPISPTLTP PEALKILEFF NESITKLKKK
1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260
MHSVAAAAKM LLIPVVLNDQ LTHVVEEVKT YDLVWRSIKN LWEDVQRTFE TPWCRVDVLL
1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320
LQSDLANFLR RADELPRAVK QFEMYKSLFS QVNMLTSVNK ILVELKDGAL KPRHWNMIFR
1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380
DIGKRQIQKN LLDKLEFSLK DVMVLNLTLN EILLTKIIER AQKEFVIEKS LNRIKKFWKE
1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 1440
AQYEVIEHSS GLKLVREWDV LEQACKEDLE ELVSMKASNY YKIFEQDCLD LESKLTKLSE
1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500
IQVNWVEVQF YWLDLYGILG ENLDIQNFLP LETSKFKSLT SEYKMITTRA FQLDTTIEVI
1510 1520 1530 1540 1550 1560
HIPNFDTTLK LTIDSLKMIK SSLSTFLERQ RRQFPRFYFL GNDDLLKIIG SGKHHDQVSK
1570 1580 1590 1600 1610 1620
FMKKMFGSIE SIIFLEDFIT GVRSVEGEVL NLNEKIELKD SIQAQEWLNI LDTEIKLSVF
1630 1640 1650 1660 1670 1680
TQFRDCLGQL KDGTDIEVVV SKYIFQAILL SAQVMWTELV EKCLQTNQFS KYWKEVDMKI
1690 1700 1710 1720 1730 1740
KGLLDKLNKS SDNVKKKIEA LLVEYLHFNN VIGQLKNCST KEEARLLWAK VQKFYQKNDT
1750 1760 1770 1780 1790 1800
LDDLNSVFIS QSGYLLQYKF EYIGIPERLI YTPLLLIGFA TLTDSLHQKY GGCFFGPAGT
1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860
GKTETVKAFG QNLGRVVVVF NCDDSFDYQV LSRLLVGITQ IGAWGCFDEF NRLDEKVLSA
1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920
VSANIQQIQN GLQVGKSHIT LLEEETPLSP HTAVFITLNP GYNGRSELPE NLKKSFREFS
1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980
MKSPQSGTIA EMILQIMGFE DSKSLASKIV HFLELLSSKC SSMNHYHFGL RTLKGVLRNC
1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040
SPLISEFGEG EKTVVESLKR VILPSLGDTD ELVFKDELSK IFDSAGTPLN SKAIVQCLKD
2050 2060 2070 2080 2090 2100
AGQRSGFSMS EEFLKKCMQF YYMQKTQQAL ILVGKAGCGK TATWKTVIDA MAIFDGHANV
2110 2120 2130 2140 2150 2160
VYVIDTKVLT KESLYGSMLK ATLEWRDGLF TSILRRVNDD ITGTFKNSRI WVVFDSDLDP
2170 2180 2190 2200 2210 2220
EYVEAMNSVL DDNKILTLPN GERLPIPPNF RILFETDNLD HTTPATITRC GLLWFSTDVC
2230 2240 2250 2260 2270 2280
SISSKIDHLL NKSYEALDNK LSMFELDKLK DLISDSFDMA SLTNIFTCSN DLVHILGVRT
2290 2300 2310 2320 2330 2340
FNKLETAVQL AVHLISSYRQ WFQNLDDKSL KDVITLLIKR SLLYALAGDS TGESQRAFIQ
2350 2360 2370 2380 2390 2400
TINTYFGHDS QELSDYSTIV IANDKLSFSS FCSEIPSVSL EAHEVMRPDI VIPTIDTIKH
2410 2420 2430 2440 2450 2460
EKIFYDLLNS KRGIILCGPP GSGKTMIMNN ALRNSSLYDV VGINFSKDTT TEHILSALHR
2470 2480 2490 2500 2510 2520
HTNYVTTSKG LTLLPKSDIK NLVLFCDEIN LPKLDKYGSQ NVVLFLRQLM EKQGFWKTPE
2530 2540 2550 2560 2570 2580
NKWVTIERIH IVGACNPPTD PGRIPMSERF TRHAAILYLG YPSGKSLSQI YEIYYKAIFK
2590 2600 2610 2620 2630 2640
LVPEFRSYTE PFARASVHLY NECKARYSTG LQSHYLFSPR ELTRLVRGVY TAINTGPRQT
2650 2660 2670 2680 2690 2700
LRSLIRLWAY EAWRIFADRL VGVKEKNSFE QLLYETVDKY LPNQDLGNIS STSLLFSGLL
2710 2720 2730 2740 2750 2760
SLDFKEVNKT DLVNFIEERF KTFCDEELEV PMVIHESMVD HILRIDRALK QVQGHMMLIG
2770 2780 2790 2800 2810 2820
ASRTGKTILT RFVAWLNGLK IVQPKIHRHS NLSDFDMILK KAISDCSLKE SRTCLIIDES
2830 2840 2850 2860 2870 2880
NILETAFLER MNTLLANADI PDLFQGEEYD KLLNNLRNKT RSLGLLLDTE QELYDWFVGE
2890 2900 2910 2920 2930 2940
IAKNLHVVFT ICDPTNNKSS AMISSPALFN RCIINWMGDW DTKTMSQVAN NMVDVIPMEF
2950 2960 2970 2980 2990 3000
TDFIVPEVNK ELVFTEPIQT IRDAVVNILI HFDRNFYQKM KVGVNPRSPG YFIDGLRALV
3010 3020 3030 3040 3050 3060
KLVTAKYQDL QENQRFVNVG LEKLNESVLK VNELNKTLSK KSTELTEKEK EARSTLDKML
3070 3080 3090 3100 3110 3120
MEQNESERKQ EATEEIKKIL KVQEEDIRKR KEVVMKSIQD IEPTILEAQR GVKNIKKQQL
3130 3140 3150 3160 3170 3180
TEIRSMVNPP SGVKIVMEAV CAILGYQFSN WRDIQQFIRK DDFIHNIVHY DTTLHMKPQI
3190 3200 3210 3220 3230 3240
RKYMEEEFLS DPNFTYETIN RASKACGPLY QWVNAQINFS KVLENVDPLR QEMKRIEFES
3250 3260 3270 3280 3290 3300
LKTKANLLAA EEMTQDLEAS IEVSKRKYSL LIRDVEAIKT EMSNVQANLD RSISLVKSLT
3310 3320 3330 3340 3350 3360
FEKERWLNTT KQFSKTSQEL IGNCIISSIY ETYFGHLNER ERADMLVILK RLLGKFAVKY
3370 3380 3390 3400 3410 3420
DVNYRFIDYL VTLDEKMKWL ECGLDKNDYF LENMSIVMNS QDAVPFLLDP SSHMITVISN
3430 3440 3450 3460 3470 3480
YYGNKTVLLS FLEEGFVKRL ENAIRFGSVV IIQDGEFFDP IISRLISREF NHAGNRVTVE
3490 3500 3510 3520 3530 3540
IGDHEVDVSG DFKLFIHSCD PSGDIPIFLR SRVRLVHFVT NKESIETRIF DITLTEENAE
3550 3560 3570 3580 3590 3600
MQRKREDLIK LNTEYKLKLK NLEKRLLEEL NNSQGNMLEN DELMVTLNNL KKEAMNIEKK
3610 3620 3630 3640 3650 3660
LSESEEFFPQ FDNLVEEYSI IGKHSVKIFS MLEKFGQFHW FYGISIGQFL SCFKRVFIKK
3670 3680 3690 3700 3710 3720
SRETRAARTR VDEILWLLYQ EVYCQFSTAL DKKFKMIMAM TMFCLYKFDI ESEQYKEAVL
3730 3740 3750 3760 3770 3780
TMIGVLSESS DGVPKLTVDT NNDLRYLWDY VTTKSYISAL NWFKNEFFVD EWNIADVVAN
3790 3800 3810 3820 3830 3840
SENNYFTMAS ERDVDGTFKL IELAKASKES LKIIPLGSIE NLNYAQEEIS KSKIEGGWIL
3850 3860 3870 3880 3890 3900
LQNIQMSLSW VKTYLHKHVE ETKAAEEHEK FKMFMTCHLT GDKLPAPLLQ RTDRFVYEDI
3910 3920 3930 3940 3950 3960
PGILDTVKDL WGSQFFTGKI SGVWSVYCTF LLSWFHALIT ARTRLVPHGF SKKYYFNDCD
3970 3980 3990 4000 4010 4020
FQFASVYLEN VLATNSTNNI PWAQVRDHIA TIVYGGKIDE EKDLEVVAKL CAHVFCGSDN
4030 4040 4050 4060 4070 4080
LQIVPGVRIP QPLLQQSEEE ERARLTAILS NTIEPADSLS SWLQLPRESI LNYERLQAKE
4090
VASSTEQLLQ EM