Descriptions
Small GTPases couple their GDP/GTP structural cycle to cytosol/membrane alternation to function as versatile molecular switches in the cell. Membrane localization of their active, GTP-bound form is pivotal to their ability to propagate information, and this requires their post-translational modification by lipids.<br>Arf GTPases are modified by a myristate attached to their N-terminus, which is shielded by intramolecular interactions in their inactive state. The myristoylated N-terminus of Arf is autoinhibitory in solution and is displaced by membranes, priming Arf GTPases for activation by their GEFs. Replacement of the N-terminal myristate by a 6xHis-tag preserves autoinhibition, representing that membranes unlock the N-terminal region to facilitate subsequent activation.
Autoinhibitory domains (AIDs)
Target domain |
16-141 (Small GTP-binding protein domain) |
Relief mechanism |
Ligand binding |
Assay |
|
Accessory elements
No accessory elements
Autoinhibited structure
Activated structure
1 structures for P34212
| Entry ID | Method | Resolution | Chain | Position | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AF-P34212-F1 | Predicted | AlphaFoldDB |
No variants for P34212
| Variant ID(s) | Position | Change | Description | Diseaes Association | Provenance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No variants for P34212 | |||||
No associated diseases with P34212
1 regional properties for P34212
| Type | Name | Position | InterPro Accession |
|---|---|---|---|
| domain | Small GTP-binding protein domain | 16 - 141 | IPR005225 |
1 GO annotations of cellular component
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| trans-Golgi network | The network of interconnected tubular and cisternal structures located within the Golgi apparatus on the side distal to the endoplasmic reticulum, from which secretory vesicles emerge. The trans-Golgi network is important in the later stages of protein secretion where it is thought to play a key role in the sorting and targeting of secreted proteins to the correct destination. |
2 GO annotations of molecular function
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| GTP binding | Binding to GTP, guanosine triphosphate. |
| GTPase activity | Catalysis of the reaction |
4 GO annotations of biological process
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| intracellular protein transport | The directed movement of proteins in a cell, including the movement of proteins between specific compartments or structures within a cell, such as organelles of a eukaryotic cell. |
| microtubule cytoskeleton organization | A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising microtubules and their associated proteins. |
| protein localization to Golgi membrane | A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a Golgi membrane. |
| vesicle-mediated transport | A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane. |
46 homologous proteins in AiPD
| UniProt AC | Gene Name | Protein Name | Species | Evidence Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| P84081 | ARF2 | ADP-ribosylation factor 2 | Bos taurus (Bovine) | SS |
| P84080 | ARF1 | ADP-ribosylation factor 1 | Bos taurus (Bovine) | SS |
| Q3SZF2 | ARF4 | ADP-ribosylation factor 4 | Bos taurus (Bovine) | SS |
| Q0VC18 | ARL4D | ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 4D | Bos taurus (Bovine) | PR |
| Q2KJ96 | ARL5A | ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 5A | Bos taurus (Bovine) | SS |
| P49702 | ARF5 | ADP-ribosylation factor 5 | Gallus gallus (Chicken) | SS |
| P40945 | Arf4 | ADP ribosylation factor 4 | Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) | SS |
| P61209 | Arf1 | ADP-ribosylation factor 1 | Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) | SS |
| P84085 | ARF5 | ADP-ribosylation factor 5 | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| P61204 | ARF3 | ADP-ribosylation factor 3 | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| Q969Q4 | ARL11 | ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 11 | Homo sapiens (Human) | PR |
| P18085 | ARF4 | ADP-ribosylation factor 4 | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| P49703 | ARL4D | ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 4D | Homo sapiens (Human) | PR |
| Q8N4G2 | ARL14 | ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 14 | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| Q9H0F7 | ARL6 | ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 6 | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| Q8IVW1 | ARL17A | ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 17 | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| P84077 | ARF1 | ADP-ribosylation factor 1 | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| A6NH57 | ARL5C | Putative ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 5C | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| Q96KC2 | ARL5B | ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 5B | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| Q9Y689 | ARL5A | ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 5A | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| P49076 | ARF1 | ADP-ribosylation factor | Zea mays (Maize) | SS |
| P84084 | Arf5 | ADP-ribosylation factor 5 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| P61750 | Arf4 | ADP-ribosylation factor 4 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| Q99PE9 | Arl4d | ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 4D | Mus musculus (Mouse) | PR |
| P61205 | Arf3 | ADP-ribosylation factor 3 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| P84078 | Arf1 | ADP-ribosylation factor 1 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| Q8BSL7 | Arf2 | ADP-ribosylation factor 2 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| Q6P068 | Arl5c | ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 5C | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| Q80ZU0 | Arl5a | ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 5A | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| Q9D4P0 | Arl5b | ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 5B | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| P51824 | ADP-ribosylation factor 1 | Solanum tuberosum (Potato) | SS | |
| P84082 | Arf2 | ADP-ribosylation factor 2 | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | SS |
| P84083 | Arf5 | ADP-ribosylation factor 5 | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | SS |
| P36407 | Trim23 | E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM23 | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | SS |
| P61751 | Arf4 | ADP-ribosylation factor 4 | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | SS |
| P61206 | Arf3 | ADP-ribosylation factor 3 | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | SS |
| P84079 | Arf1 | ADP-ribosylation factor 1 | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | SS |
| P51646 | Arl5a | ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 5A | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | SS |
| Q06396 | Os01g0813400 | ADP-ribosylation factor 1 | Oryza sativa subsp. japonica (Rice) | SS |
| P51823 | ARF | ADP-ribosylation factor 2 | Oryza sativa subsp. japonica (Rice) | SS |
| Q10943 | arf-1.2 | ADP-ribosylation factor 1-like 2 | Caenorhabditis elegans | SS |
| Q9LQC8 | ARF2-A | ADP-ribosylation factor 2-A | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | SS |
| P0DH91 | ARF2-B | ADP-ribosylation factor 2-B | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | SS |
| P40940 | ARF3 | ADP-ribosylation factor 3 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | SS |
| P36397 | ARF1 | ADP-ribosylation factor 1 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | SS |
| Q5M9P8 | arl6 | ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 6 | Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (Brachydanio rerio) | SS |
| 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 |
| MGLIMAKLFQ | SWWIGKKYKI | IVVGLDNAGK | TTILYNYVTK | DQVETKPTIG | SNVEEVSYRN |
| 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 |
| LDFVIWDIGG | QESLRKSWST | YYVQTDVVIV | VIDSSDTTRI | PIMKEQLHNM | LQHEDLARAH |
| 130 | 140 | 150 | 160 | 170 | |
| ILVLANKQDL | PGAMNPAEVS | TQLGLQTLRG | ARKWQINGCC | AVKGEGLPEA | LEWIANNL |