Descriptions

The protein kinase Akt is one of the primary effectors of growth factor signaling in the cell. Akt responds specifically to the lipid second messengers phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate [PI(3,4,5)P3] and phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate [PI(3,4)P2] via its autoinhibitory domain (PH domain). Recruitment of Akt to PI(3,4,5)P3 in the plasma membrane promotes its phosphorylation by phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1) in its activation loop (T308). Phosphorylation of S473 within AGC kinase C-terminal domain activates Akt through the formation of an electrostatic interaction with a conserved basic residue (R144) in the PH-kinase domain linker, thereby relieving PH domain- mediated autoinhibition.

Autoinhibitory domains (AIDs)

Target domain

150-408 (Protein kinase domain)

Relief mechanism

Ligand binding, PTM

Assay

Structural analysis, Mutagenesis experiment, Deletion assay

Accessory elements

291-314 (Activation loop from InterPro)

Target domain

124-479 (Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Protein Kinase B alpha, also called Akt1)

Relief mechanism

Assay

Autoinhibited structure

Activated structure

37 structures for P31749

Entry ID Method Resolution Chain Position Source
1H10 X-ray 140 A A 1-123 PDB
1UNP X-ray 165 A A 1-121 PDB
1UNQ X-ray 098 A A 1-123 PDB
1UNR X-ray 125 A A 1-123 PDB
2UVM X-ray 194 A A 1-123 PDB
2UZR X-ray 194 A A 1-123 PDB
2UZS X-ray 246 A A 1-123 PDB
3CQU X-ray 220 A A 144-480 PDB
3CQW X-ray 200 A A 144-480 PDB
3MV5 X-ray 247 A A 144-480 PDB
3MVH X-ray 201 A A 144-480 PDB
3O96 X-ray 270 A A 2-443 PDB
3OCB X-ray 270 A A/B 144-480 PDB
3OW4 X-ray 260 A A/B 144-480 PDB
3QKK X-ray 230 A A 144-480 PDB
3QKL X-ray 190 A A 144-480 PDB
3QKM X-ray 220 A A 144-480 PDB
4EJN X-ray 219 A A 2-446 PDB
4EKK X-ray 280 A A/B 144-480 PDB
4EKL X-ray 200 A A 144-480 PDB
4GV1 X-ray 149 A A 144-480 PDB
5KCV X-ray 270 A A 2-446 PDB
6BUU X-ray 240 A A/B 144-480 PDB
6CCY X-ray 218 A A 144-466 PDB
6HHF X-ray 290 A A 2-446 PDB
6HHG X-ray 230 A A 2-446 PDB
6HHH X-ray 270 A A 2-446 PDB
6HHI X-ray 270 A A 2-446 PDB
6HHJ X-ray 230 A A 2-446 PDB
6NPZ X-ray 212 A PDB
6S9W X-ray 230 A A 2-446 PDB
6S9X X-ray 260 A A 2-446 PDB
7APJ X-ray 205 A PDB
7MYX X-ray 139 A A 1-121 PDB
7NH4 X-ray 230 A A 2-446 PDB
7NH5 X-ray 190 A A 2-446 PDB
AF-P31749-F1 Predicted AlphaFoldDB

261 variants for P31749

Variant ID(s) Position Change Description Diseaes Association Provenance
CA391223990
RCV000688933
rs1566826869
2 S>G Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
Ensembl
dbSNP
rs140532443
CA7374951
RCV000461062
3 D>N Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
ESP
ExAC
TOPMed
dbSNP
gnomAD
RCV000472618
rs754031503
CA7374949
4 V>M Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
ExAC
TOPMed
dbSNP
gnomAD
RCV000421850
RCV000436698
rs121434592
RCV000431237
RCV000434120
RCV000421696
RCV000439982
RCV000444311
VAR_055422
RCV000445271
CA123660
RCV000440828
RCV000426386
RCV000419412
RCV000421009
RCV000438154
COSM33765
RCV000015017
RCV000031926
RCV000443761
RCV000430173
RCV000015018
RCV000431723
RCV000427484
RCV000015019
RCV000429060
17 E>K thymus upper_aerodigestive_tract PROTEUSS and breast cancer; also detected in colorectal and ovarian cancer; somatic mutation; results in increased phosphorylation at T-308 and higher basal ubiquitination; the mutant protein is more efficiently recruited to the plasma membrane; alters phosphatidylinositiol phosphates lipid specificity of the AKT1 PH domain NS Neoplasm of uterine cervix central_nervous_system skin Hepatocellular carcinoma Lung adenocarcinoma Proteus syndrome soft_tissue Neoplasm of the large intestine haematopoietic_and_lymphoid_tissue meninges Prostate neoplasm Carcinoma of colon Bone osteosarcoma Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma, Variant with Squamous Differentiation Small cell lung carcinoma Breast adenocarcinoma endometrium urinary_tract Non-small cell lung carcinoma bone Gastric adenocarcinoma Prostate adenocarcinoma Thyroid tumor lung Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck ovary thyroid Squamous cell lung carcinoma large_intestine Tumor of meninges prostate Neoplasm of ovary breast Malignant melanoma of skin Breast neoplasm [Cosmic, UniProt, ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
cosmic curated
ClinVar
UniProt
ExAC
dbSNP
gnomAD
RCV000984546
CA915946437
rs1595251483
17 E>R Proteus syndrome [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
Ensembl
dbSNP
CA130749
rs397514644
RCV000033177
VAR_069791
25 R>C Cowden syndrome 6 CWS6 [ClinVar, UniProt] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
UniProt
TOPMed
dbSNP
RCV000686512
rs758157217
CA7374904
36 I>T Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
ExAC
TOPMed
dbSNP
gnomAD
rs781339141
CA7374905
RCV000465998
36 I>V Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
ExAC
dbSNP
gnomAD
CA156577
rs146875699
RCV000231031
RCV000119959
46 D>E Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
1000Genomes
ESP
ExAC
TOPMed
dbSNP
gnomAD
rs374093099
RCV000531301
CA7374896
48 R>C Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
ESP
ExAC
TOPMed
dbSNP
gnomAD
CA7374895
COSM1368558
rs774836044
RCV000695576
48 R>H Cowden syndrome 6 large_intestine [ClinVar, Cosmic] Yes ClinGen
cosmic curated
ClinVar
ExAC
TOPMed
dbSNP
gnomAD
CA7374855
RCV000543771
rs183989506
69 R>Q Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
1000Genomes
ExAC
TOPMed
dbSNP
gnomAD
rs587778019
RCV001854593
RCV000119960
CA156582
75 I>M Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
ExAC
dbSNP
gnomAD
rs771065764
RCV000556163
CA7374853
76 R>H Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
ExAC
dbSNP
RCV000422108
COSM159008
CA16602625
rs1057519804
79 Q>K Melanoma endometrium breast [ClinVar, Cosmic] Yes ClinGen
cosmic curated
ClinVar
Ensembl
dbSNP
CA16042842
RCV000413604
rs1057518602
RCV001851003
79 Q>R Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
Ensembl
dbSNP
RCV000709351
CA391220214
rs1566818099
119 D>G Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
Ensembl
dbSNP
rs778376616
RCV000231420
CA7374803
136 V>M Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
ExAC
TOPMed
dbSNP
gnomAD
CA7374801
rs375990114
RCV000704448
144 R>C Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
ESP
ExAC
TOPMed
dbSNP
gnomAD
RCV000457583
rs1060503071
CA16614120
144 R>H Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
TOPMed
dbSNP
gnomAD
rs758456890
CA7374773
RCV000651047
147 M>T Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
ExAC
TOPMed
dbSNP
gnomAD
CA267349921
RCV000532235
rs983007851
174 R>C Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
TOPMed
dbSNP
gnomAD
CA391219354
RCV000651044
rs1555383695
182 K>R Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
Ensembl
dbSNP
RCV000456495
CA7374656
rs768606668
241 R>W Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
ExAC
TOPMed
dbSNP
gnomAD
RCV000691797
CA7374651
rs780571834
251 R>C Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
ExAC
TOPMed
dbSNP
gnomAD
RCV000472766
rs375395037
CA7374648
255 A>T Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
ESP
ExAC
TOPMed
dbSNP
gnomAD
RCV000558043
CA391218330
rs1555383511
257 I>T Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
Ensembl
dbSNP
RCV000651043
rs1555383471
CA391217685
306 M>T Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
Ensembl
dbSNP
rs762705090
CA7374571
RCV000651045
367 R>S Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
ExAC
TOPMed
dbSNP
gnomAD
RCV000706299
rs746272761
CA7374568
370 R>H Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
ExAC
TOPMed
dbSNP
gnomAD
rs1566816289
RCV000699382
CA391216555
387 D>N Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
Ensembl
dbSNP
rs1334042967
RCV000525011
CA391216366
397 E>D Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
dbSNP
gnomAD
RCV000232840
CA7374522
rs146483593
410 G>S Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
ESP
ExAC
TOPMed
dbSNP
gnomAD
RCV000525815
CA391216125
rs1555383354
414 Q>H Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
Ensembl
dbSNP
RCV000690076
rs1566815164
CA391214816
421 L>F Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
Ensembl
dbSNP
VAR_069792
RCV000033178
rs397514645
CA130755
435 T>P Cowden syndrome 6 CWS6 [ClinVar, UniProt] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
UniProt
Ensembl
dbSNP
rs1159942120
CA391214538
RCV000538250
440 E>D Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
dbSNP
gnomAD
rs1892340313
RCV001333360
451 P>S Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinVar
dbSNP
rs759702315
CA7374469
RCV000651046
454 Q>R Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
ExAC
TOPMed
dbSNP
gnomAD
rs587778018
CA156572
RCV000119958
RCV000464381
458 M>T Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
ExAC
TOPMed
dbSNP
gnomAD
RCV000709350
CA7374441
rs745803788
464 E>K Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
ExAC
TOPMed
dbSNP
gnomAD
CA349773
RCV000205643
rs113547523
465 R>H Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
ExAC
TOPMed
dbSNP
gnomAD
rs1205616929
CA391214217
RCV000697095
478 G>S Cowden syndrome 6 [ClinVar] Yes ClinGen
ClinVar
TOPMed
dbSNP
gnomAD
rs754031503
CA391223958
COSM3814333
4 V>L breast [Cosmic] No ClinGen
cosmic curated
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
CA391223941
rs1338237897
5 A>G No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA7374948
rs766546254
5 A>T No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs1404637346
CA391223931
6 I>T No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA391223907
rs1173631887
8 K>R No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA7374947
rs760853972
11 W>* No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs1235749501
CA391223843
13 H>Y No ClinGen
TOPMed
rs368797346
CA7374946
15 R>Q No ClinGen
ESP
ExAC
gnomAD
rs1380514442
CA391221825
20 K>E No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA391221755
rs1184173073
25 R>H No ClinGen
TOPMed
CA267352474
rs990046031
28 L>F No ClinGen
TOPMed
CA7374908
rs780173607
31 N>S No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs201636005
CA267352457
32 D>E No ClinGen
1000Genomes
ExAC
gnomAD
rs750653493
CA7374906
34 T>N No ClinGen
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs1223729648
CA391221585
38 Y>H No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA7374902
rs764931115
39 K>E No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
CA7374899
rs766000895
41 R>Q No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
CA7374900
rs753765116
41 R>W No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
CA267352414
rs11555436
43 Q>* No ClinGen
Ensembl
rs1301434623
CA391221539
44 D>A No ClinGen
TOPMed
CA391221517
rs532268608
47 Q>H No ClinGen
1000Genomes
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs532268608
CA391221516
47 Q>H No ClinGen
1000Genomes
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs1358103245
CA391221499
49 E>G No ClinGen
TOPMed
rs768898540
CA7374894
50 A>V No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs1476861882
CA391221464
52 L>F No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA267350804
rs923841704
60 C>Y No ClinGen
Ensembl
rs1566818959
CA391220816
63 M>I No ClinGen
Ensembl
CA7374859
COSM1368556
rs751243134
65 T>M large_intestine [Cosmic] No ClinGen
cosmic curated
ExAC
gnomAD
rs1396308032
CA391220792
67 R>Q No ClinGen
TOPMed
rs762559261
CA7374857
67 R>W No ClinGen
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs775892860
CA7374856
69 R>W No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
CA391220779
rs1316268769
70 P>A No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA7374854
rs760044481
72 T>A No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
CA391220765
rs760044481
72 T>P No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs1012676649
CA267350765
76 R>C No ClinGen
Ensembl
CA391220683
rs1566818890
85 E>K No ClinGen
Ensembl
rs772473246
CA7374850
86 R>C No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs773971502
CA267350748
86 R>H No ClinGen
TOPMed
rs1296782302
CA391220625
93 P>H No ClinGen
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs1296782302
CA391220624
93 P>R No ClinGen
TOPMed
gnomAD
CA267350738
rs897360247
96 R>Q No ClinGen
Ensembl
rs760536822
COSM1133358
CA267350741
96 R>W large_intestine [Cosmic] No ClinGen
cosmic curated
Ensembl
CA7374817
rs761151169
101 T>A No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs1298334491
CA391220462
101 T>I No ClinGen
gnomAD
rs1281415838
CA391220450
103 I>V No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA267350233
rs1038322721
105 T>A No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA7374813
rs774745066
108 D>A No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
CA391220383
rs774745066
108 D>G No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs768800433
CA391220374
109 G>C No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs768800433
CA391220375
109 G>R No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs768800433
CA7374812
109 G>S No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs908575682
CA267350218
113 Q>E No ClinGen
TOPMed
rs1338783398
CA391220287
115 E>K No ClinGen
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs1595245738
CA391220269
116 E>K No ClinGen
Ensembl
rs1268659696
CA391220244
117 E>D No ClinGen
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs776345122
CA7374810
117 E>K No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
CA391220195
rs1457484217
121 R>Q No ClinGen
gnomAD
COSM252336
rs369198922
CA7374808
121 R>W ovary large_intestine [Cosmic] No ClinGen
cosmic curated
ESP
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs746934495
CA7374807
122 S>L No ClinGen
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
CA7374805
rs759031755
125 P>L No ClinGen
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
CA391220078
rs1319030326
132 E>K No ClinGen
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs1230091567
CA391220031
134 M>I No ClinGen
TOPMed
CA391220002
rs1324208253
137 S>A No ClinGen
Ensembl
rs1566818045
CA391219986
139 A>P No ClinGen
Ensembl
CA391219980
rs1445658903
139 A>V No ClinGen
gnomAD
rs142843688
CA7374802
143 H>Y No ClinGen
ESP
ExAC
gnomAD
CA391219919
rs375990114
144 R>G No ClinGen
ESP
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
CA391219908
rs1166659979
145 V>M No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA391219828
rs1371607114
146 T>I No ClinGen
TOPMed
CA391219821
rs1277434432
147 M>I No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA7374770
rs568870136
157 G>R No ClinGen
1000Genomes
ExAC
gnomAD
rs866169013
CA267349941
159 G>V No ClinGen
Ensembl
CA267349938
rs980441042
160 T>A No ClinGen
Ensembl
CA391219564
rs1352687393
163 K>M No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA391219543
rs1244026143
164 V>G No ClinGen
TOPMed
CA267349931
VAR_051617
rs11555433
167 V>A No ClinGen
UniProt
Ensembl
dbSNP
rs1183083759
CA391219506
168 K>E No ClinGen
Ensembl
CA7374766
rs774284624
170 K>N No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
CA391219458
rs1016707349
171 A>S No ClinGen
TOPMed
gnomAD
CA267349927
rs1016707349
171 A>T No ClinGen
TOPMed
gnomAD
CA7374765
rs768070795
171 A>V No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs748789094
CA7374764
172 T>I No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs1200003171
CA391219421
174 R>H No ClinGen
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs1200003171
CA391219417
174 R>L No ClinGen
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs769619023
CA7374762
178 M>T No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs745500951
CA7374761
185 V>G No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs1216778719
CA391219322
187 V>M No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA7374758
rs144128670
188 A>T No ClinGen
ESP
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs780207480
CA391219284
190 D>E No ClinGen
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
CA7374732
rs756293014
193 A>V No ClinGen
ExAC
CA7374731
rs751416672
196 L>H No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs1595244672
CA391219244
197 T>P No ClinGen
Ensembl
CA391219221
rs1176264024
200 R>C No ClinGen
gnomAD
rs1462219795
CA391219220
200 R>H No ClinGen
gnomAD
rs774360915
CA7374728
201 V>I No ClinGen
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs1240566715
CA391219186
205 S>C No ClinGen
TOPMed
gnomAD
CA391219188
rs1240566715
205 S>F No ClinGen
TOPMed
gnomAD
CA267349818
rs941063820
206 R>G No ClinGen
Ensembl
CA391218974
rs1163499100
212 A>G No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA391218973
rs1163499100
212 A>V No ClinGen
gnomAD
rs760384228
CA7374705
215 Y>C No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs971568277
CA391218920
217 F>L No ClinGen
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs971568277
CA267349483
217 F>L No ClinGen
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs1489605167
CA391218919
218 Q>* No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA7374701
rs762040581
221 D>H No ClinGen
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
COSM301664
rs762040581
CA267349477
221 D>N central_nervous_system [Cosmic] No ClinGen
cosmic curated
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs551254461
CA7374700
222 R>C No ClinGen
1000Genomes
ExAC
gnomAD
CA7374699
rs369698909
222 R>H No ClinGen
ESP
ExAC
gnomAD
rs775612804
CA7374697
227 M>T No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs1276744835
CA391218774
228 E>D No ClinGen
gnomAD
rs1367895795
CA391218754
230 A>T No ClinGen
gnomAD
rs1595243377
CA391218733
231 N>S No ClinGen
Ensembl
rs781232725
CA7374694
232 G>R No ClinGen
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
CA7374691
rs778838358
234 E>K No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs770980034
CA7374659
235 L>V No ClinGen
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs773520823
CA7374657
240 S>C No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs1244832277
CA391218526
241 R>Q No ClinGen
gnomAD
rs1310418829
CA391218516
242 E>G No ClinGen
gnomAD
rs1339827175
CA391218522
242 E>K No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA391218506
rs1340970650
243 R>C No ClinGen
gnomAD
rs1297345295
CA391218497
244 V>M No ClinGen
gnomAD
rs779874420
CA7374654
246 S>A No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
CA391218463
rs1165092690
247 E>K No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA7374652
rs745809388
249 R>Q No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs1458420660
CA391218431
COSM3983126
249 R>W ovary [Cosmic] No ClinGen
cosmic curated
TOPMed
gnomAD
CA7374650
rs756697784
251 R>H No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs751232562
CA7374649
253 Y>C No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
CA391218308
rs1209929395
260 A>T No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA7374647
rs758025607
261 L>V No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs371467719
CA7374645
262 D>E No ClinGen
ESP
ExAC
gnomAD
CA391218277
rs1397852501
265 H>Y No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA7374642
rs549083521
266 S>L No ClinGen
1000Genomes
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
CA391218251
rs1566816661
268 K>N No ClinGen
Ensembl
CA391218248
rs1167819752
269 N>D No ClinGen
TOPMed
rs1390179436
CA391218234
270 V>M No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA391218194
rs1424916218
273 R>Q No ClinGen
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs955764429
CA267349217
288 I>T No ClinGen
Ensembl
CA7374618
rs767699129
288 I>V No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs1360111387
CA391217718
303 G>S No ClinGen
TOPMed
CA391217704
rs1377831067
304 A>V No ClinGen
gnomAD
rs12881616
CA267349193
319 E>G No ClinGen
Ensembl
CA391217444
rs1454909926
321 L>P No ClinGen
TOPMed
rs746397537
CA7374585
324 N>S No ClinGen
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs781749630
CA7374584
325 D>N No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
CA391217360
rs1171160211
327 G>S No ClinGen
TOPMed
gnomAD
CA391217351
rs1274533572
327 G>V No ClinGen
TOPMed
rs1197941200
CA391217239
336 G>D No ClinGen
TOPMed
rs1595242014
CA391217231
337 V>G No ClinGen
Ensembl
CA391217235
rs1247419183
337 V>M No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA391217186
rs1340200537
341 E>K No ClinGen
TOPMed
gnomAD
CA391217111
rs1168658858
346 R>C No ClinGen
TOPMed
CA391217109
rs1219649544
346 R>H No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA267349088
rs976500042
351 N>D No ClinGen
TOPMed
CA391217044
rs1170677405
351 N>S No ClinGen
TOPMed
rs1438024792
CA391216981
355 E>G No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA391216973
rs1335182846
356 K>Q No ClinGen
TOPMed
CA267349080
rs11555432
357 L>P No ClinGen
Ensembl
CA267349077
rs372502847
363 M>V No ClinGen
ESP
CA391216843
rs1359340183
365 E>K No ClinGen
TOPMed
rs762705090
COSM1235769
CA7374572
367 R>C haematopoietic_and_lymphoid_tissue [Cosmic] No ClinGen
cosmic curated
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
CA267349072
rs369520527
367 R>H No ClinGen
ESP
TOPMed
gnomAD
COSM268636
CA7374569
rs549370342
370 R>C large_intestine [Cosmic] No ClinGen
cosmic curated
1000Genomes
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs746272761
CA391216771
370 R>P No ClinGen
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs549370342
CA391216776
370 R>S No ClinGen
1000Genomes
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
CA267349064
rs781388586
371 T>K No ClinGen
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
CA7374567
COSM3983124
rs781388586
371 T>M ovary [Cosmic] No ClinGen
cosmic curated
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs889182971
CA267349057
373 G>D No ClinGen
Ensembl
CA7374563
rs373253729
375 E>K No ClinGen
ESP
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
CA267349053
rs1050565251
376 A>S No ClinGen
Ensembl
CA391216684
rs1480573852
377 K>R No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA391216601
rs1302148730
384 L>F No ClinGen
gnomAD
rs11555431
CA267349033
388 P>T No ClinGen
Ensembl
CA391216526
rs1390801321
389 K>R No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA391216508
rs1394191738
391 R>G No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA7374531
rs766798551
397 E>A No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
CA7374532
rs531850885
397 E>K No ClinGen
1000Genomes
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
CA267348821
rs188580689
399 A>T No ClinGen
1000Genomes
rs773607483
CA7374529
400 K>E No ClinGen
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs1342613654
CA391216337
400 K>R No ClinGen
gnomAD
rs774414969
CA7374526
403 M>I No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
CA391216266
rs1295342651
404 Q>R No ClinGen
gnomAD
rs768660759
CA7374525
405 H>P No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs749544983
CA7374524
406 R>C No ClinGen
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
CA267348800
rs143266084
406 R>H No ClinGen
ESP
TOPMed
gnomAD
CA391216184
rs1373983688
410 G>A No ClinGen
gnomAD
rs937869519
CA267348790
412 V>G No ClinGen
TOPMed
CA391216165
rs1444891733
412 V>M No ClinGen
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs1295857274
CA391216137
414 Q>K No ClinGen
TOPMed
CA391216111
rs758476416
415 H>Q No ClinGen
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
CA7374520
rs777696700
415 H>Y No ClinGen
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
CA391216108
rs1308190883
416 V>M No ClinGen
TOPMed
CA391216092
rs1468001776
417 Y>D No ClinGen
gnomAD
rs764863282
RCV000585255
CA7374518
418 E>K No ClinGen
ClinVar
ExAC
dbSNP
gnomAD
rs754500025
CA7374517
419 K>R No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs753360468
CA7374516
420 K>E No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs913653954
CA267348195
421 L>P No ClinGen
Ensembl
CA391214757
rs1369639631
425 F>L No ClinGen
TOPMed
rs749186394
CA7374480
430 T>M No ClinGen
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs755597789
CA7374478
431 S>L No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
CA391214608
rs1373202839
436 R>K No ClinGen
gnomAD
CA7374474
rs751976958
446 M>I No ClinGen
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
CA7374473
rs764514218
447 I>V No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs1595239049
CA391214440
448 T>P No ClinGen
Ensembl
CA7374471
rs753190812
452 P>H No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
CA7374470
rs765264778
453 D>E No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
rs754040453
CA7374448
455 D>G No ClinGen
ExAC
CA267348057
rs759902535
457 S>R No ClinGen
Ensembl
CA7374447
rs587778018
458 M>K No ClinGen
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
CA391214353
rs1360782672
458 M>V No ClinGen
gnomAD
rs1431676094
CA391214343
459 E>G No ClinGen
gnomAD
rs11555435
CA267348052
461 V>L No ClinGen
Ensembl
rs144112075
CA7374443
463 S>R No ClinGen
1000Genomes
ESP
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs770370100
COSM324690
CA7374439
465 R>C lung [Cosmic] No ClinGen
cosmic curated
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs770370100
CA7374440
465 R>G No ClinGen
ExAC
TOPMed
gnomAD
rs1418994529
CA391214300
466 R>W No ClinGen
gnomAD
rs757963528
CA7374437
474 Y>S No ClinGen
ExAC
gnomAD
CA391214226
rs1467510263
476 A>V No ClinGen
gnomAD
rs201291259
CA7374434
479 T>M No ClinGen
1000Genomes
ExAC
gnomAD

5 associated diseases with P31749

[MIM: 114480]: Breast cancer (BC)

A common malignancy originating from breast epithelial tissue. Breast neoplasms can be distinguished by their histologic pattern. Invasive ductal carcinoma is by far the most common type. Breast cancer is etiologically and genetically heterogeneous. Important genetic factors have been indicated by familial occurrence and bilateral involvement. Mutations at more than one locus can be involved in different families or even in the same case. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17611497}. Note=Disease susceptibility is associated with variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

[MIM: 114500]: Colorectal cancer (CRC)

A complex disease characterized by malignant lesions arising from the inner wall of the large intestine (the colon) and the rectum. Genetic alterations are often associated with progression from premalignant lesion (adenoma) to invasive adenocarcinoma. Risk factors for cancer of the colon and rectum include colon polyps, long-standing ulcerative colitis, and genetic family history. Note=The gene represented in this entry may be involved in disease pathogenesis.

[MIM: 176920]: Proteus syndrome (PROTEUSS)

A highly variable, severe disorder of asymmetric and disproportionate overgrowth of body parts, connective tissue nevi, epidermal nevi, dysregulated adipose tissue, and vascular malformations. Many features of Proteus syndrome overlap with other overgrowth syndromes. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18954143, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21793738}. Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

[MIM: 615109]: Cowden syndrome 6 (CWS6)

A form of Cowden syndrome, a hamartomatous polyposis syndrome with age-related penetrance. Cowden syndrome is characterized by hamartomatous lesions affecting derivatives of ectodermal, mesodermal and endodermal layers, macrocephaly, facial trichilemmomas (benign tumors of the hair follicle infundibulum), acral keratoses, papillomatous papules, and elevated risk for development of several types of malignancy, particularly breast carcinoma in women and thyroid carcinoma in both men and women. Colon cancer and renal cell carcinoma have also been reported. Hamartomas can be found in virtually every organ, but most commonly in the skin, gastrointestinal tract, breast and thyroid. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:23246288}. Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Without disease ID
  • A common malignancy originating from breast epithelial tissue. Breast neoplasms can be distinguished by their histologic pattern. Invasive ductal carcinoma is by far the most common type. Breast cancer is etiologically and genetically heterogeneous. Important genetic factors have been indicated by familial occurrence and bilateral involvement. Mutations at more than one locus can be involved in different families or even in the same case. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17611497}. Note=Disease susceptibility is associated with variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
  • A complex disease characterized by malignant lesions arising from the inner wall of the large intestine (the colon) and the rectum. Genetic alterations are often associated with progression from premalignant lesion (adenoma) to invasive adenocarcinoma. Risk factors for cancer of the colon and rectum include colon polyps, long-standing ulcerative colitis, and genetic family history. Note=The gene represented in this entry may be involved in disease pathogenesis.
  • A highly variable, severe disorder of asymmetric and disproportionate overgrowth of body parts, connective tissue nevi, epidermal nevi, dysregulated adipose tissue, and vascular malformations. Many features of Proteus syndrome overlap with other overgrowth syndromes. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18954143, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21793738}. Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
  • A form of Cowden syndrome, a hamartomatous polyposis syndrome with age-related penetrance. Cowden syndrome is characterized by hamartomatous lesions affecting derivatives of ectodermal, mesodermal and endodermal layers, macrocephaly, facial trichilemmomas (benign tumors of the hair follicle infundibulum), acral keratoses, papillomatous papules, and elevated risk for development of several types of malignancy, particularly breast carcinoma in women and thyroid carcinoma in both men and women. Colon cancer and renal cell carcinoma have also been reported. Hamartomas can be found in virtually every organ, but most commonly in the skin, gastrointestinal tract, breast and thyroid. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:23246288}. Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

8 regional properties for P31749

Type Name Position InterPro Accession
domain Protein kinase domain 150 - 408 IPR000719
domain AGC-kinase, C-terminal 409 - 480 IPR000961
domain Pleckstrin homology domain 5 - 110 IPR001849
active_site Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site 270 - 282 IPR008271
binding_site Protein kinase, ATP binding site 156 - 189 IPR017441
domain Protein kinase, C-terminal 429 - 474 IPR017892
domain Protein kinase B alpha, catalytic domain 124 - 479 IPR034676
domain Protein Kinase B, pleckstrin homology domain 4 - 111 IPR039026

Functions

Description
EC Number 2.7.11.1 Protein-serine/threonine kinases
Subcellular Localization
  • Cytoplasm
  • Nucleus
  • Cell membrane
  • Nucleus after activation by integrin-linked protein kinase 1 (ILK1)
  • Nuclear translocation is enhanced by interaction with TCL1A
  • Phosphorylation on Tyr-176 by TNK2 results in its localization to the cell membrane where it is targeted for further phosphorylations on Thr-308 and Ser-473 leading to its activation and the activated form translocates to the nucleus
  • Colocalizes with WDFY2 in intracellular vesicles (PubMed:16792529)
PANTHER Family PTHR24351 RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S6 KINASE
PANTHER Subfamily PTHR24351:SF200 NON-SPECIFIC SERINE_THREONINE PROTEIN KINASE
PANTHER Protein Class protein modifying enzyme
PANTHER Pathway Category Ras Pathway
AKT
Angiogenesis
Akt
Inflammation mediated by chemokine and cytokine signaling pathway
AKT
p53 pathway
Akt
Interleukin signaling pathway
PKB
Huntington disease
Akt
Apoptosis signaling pathway
AKT
p53 pathway by glucose deprivation
Akt
FGF signaling pathway
Akt
VEGF signaling pathway
Akt/PKB
p53 pathway feedback loops 2
AKT
EGF receptor signaling pathway
Akt
Hypoxia response via HIF activation
AKT
T cell activation
Akt
PI3 kinase pathway
PKB
FAS signaling pathway
ASK1
Endothelin signaling pathway
Akt

15 GO annotations of cellular component

Name Definition
cell-cell junction A cell junction that forms a connection between two or more cells of an organism; excludes direct cytoplasmic intercellular bridges, such as ring canals in insects.
ciliary basal body A membrane-tethered, short cylindrical array of microtubules and associated proteins found at the base of a eukaryotic cilium (also called flagellum) that is similar in structure to a centriole and derives from it. The cilium basal body is the site of assembly and remodelling of the cilium and serves as a nucleation site for axoneme growth. As well as anchoring the cilium, it is thought to provide a selective gateway regulating the entry of ciliary proteins and vesicles by intraflagellar transport.
cytoplasm The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
cytosol The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane The component of a plasma membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to its cytoplasmic surface, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.
lamellipodium A thin sheetlike process extended by the leading edge of a migrating cell or extending cell process; contains a dense meshwork of actin filaments.
microtubule cytoskeleton The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of microtubules and associated proteins.
mitochondrion A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration.
nucleoplasm That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus.
nucleus A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
plasma membrane The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.
postsynapse The part of a synapse that is part of the post-synaptic cell.
protein-containing complex A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together.
spindle The array of microtubules and associated molecules that forms between opposite poles of a eukaryotic cell during mitosis or meiosis and serves to move the duplicated chromosomes apart.
vesicle Any small, fluid-filled, spherical organelle enclosed by membrane.

16 GO annotations of molecular function

Name Definition
14-3-3 protein binding Binding to a 14-3-3 protein. A 14-3-3 protein is any of a large family of approximately 30kDa acidic proteins which exist primarily as homo- and heterodimers within all eukaryotic cells, and have been implicated in the modulation of distinct biological processes by binding to specific phosphorylated sites on diverse target proteins, thereby forcing conformational changes or influencing interactions between their targets and other molecules. Each 14-3-3 protein sequence can be roughly divided into three sections: a divergent amino terminus, the conserved core region and a divergent carboxy-terminus. The conserved middle core region of the 14-3-3s encodes an amphipathic groove that forms the main functional domain, a cradle for interacting with client proteins.
ATP binding Binding to ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.
calmodulin binding Binding to calmodulin, a calcium-binding protein with many roles, both in the calcium-bound and calcium-free states.
enzyme binding Binding to an enzyme, a protein with catalytic activity.
identical protein binding Binding to an identical protein or proteins.
kinase activity Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule.
nitric-oxide synthase regulator activity Binds to and modulates the activity of nitric oxide synthase.
phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate binding Binding to phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate, a derivative of phosphatidylinositol in which the inositol ring is phosphorylated at the 3', 4' and 5' positions.
phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate binding Binding to phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate, a derivative of phosphatidylinositol in which the inositol ring is phosphorylated at the 3' and 4' positions.
potassium channel activator activity Binds to and increases the activity of a potassium channel, resulting in its opening.
protein homodimerization activity Binding to an identical protein to form a homodimer.
protein kinase activity Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP.
protein kinase binding Binding to a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate.
protein serine kinase activity Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate.
protein serine/threonine kinase activity Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.
protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + a protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate; ATP + a protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate; and ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate.

131 GO annotations of biological process

Name Definition
activation-induced cell death of T cells A T cell apoptotic process that occurs towards the end of the expansion phase following the initial activation of mature T cells by antigen and is triggered by T cell receptor stimulation and signals transmitted via various surface-expressed members of the TNF receptor family such as Fas ligand, Fas, and TNF and the p55 and p75 TNF receptors.
anoikis Apoptosis triggered by inadequate or inappropriate adherence to substrate e.g. after disruption of the interactions between normal epithelial cells and the extracellular matrix.
apoptotic mitochondrial changes The morphological and physiological alterations undergone by mitochondria during apoptosis.
behavioral response to pain Any process that results in a change in the behavior of an organism as a result of a pain stimulus. Pain stimuli cause activation of nociceptors, peripheral receptors for pain, include receptors which are sensitive to painful mechanical stimuli, extreme heat or cold, and chemical stimuli.
carbohydrate transport The directed movement of carbohydrate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Carbohydrates are a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.
cell differentiation The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state.
cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis The orderly movement of endothelial cells into the extracellular matrix in order to form new blood vessels involved in sprouting angiogenesis.
cell population proliferation The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.
cellular response to cadmium ion Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cadmium (Cd) ion stimulus.
cellular response to decreased oxygen levels Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting a decline in the level of oxygen.
cellular response to epidermal growth factor stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an epidermal growth factor stimulus.
cellular response to granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulus.
cellular response to insulin stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin stimulus. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms.
cellular response to nerve growth factor stimulus A process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nerve growth factor stimulus.
cellular response to oxidised low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an oxidized lipoprotein particle stimulus.
cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin E stimulus.
cellular response to reactive oxygen species Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a reactive oxygen species stimulus. Reactive oxygen species include singlet oxygen, superoxide, and oxygen free radicals.
cellular response to tumor necrosis factor Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a tumor necrosis factor stimulus.
cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus.
cytokine-mediated signaling pathway The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a cytokine to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a ligand to the tyrosine kinase receptor EGFR (ERBB1) on the surface of a cell. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
establishment of protein localization to mitochondrion The directed movement of a protein to the mitochondrion or a part of the mitochondrion.
excitatory postsynaptic potential A process that leads to a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an EPSP is an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and makes it easier for the neuron to fire an action potential.
execution phase of apoptosis A stage of the apoptotic process that starts with the controlled breakdown of the cell through the action of effector caspases or other effector molecules (e.g. cathepsins, calpains etc.). Key steps of the execution phase are rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died.
fibroblast migration Cell migration that is accomplished by extension and retraction of a fibroblast pseudopodium. A fibroblast is a connective tissue cell which secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to its receptor, in which the activated receptor promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process. The pathway can start from the plasma membrane, Golgi or nuclear membrane.
gene expression The process in which a gene's sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript and its processing, translation and maturation for protein-coding genes.
germ cell development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an immature germ cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure (gamete). A germ cell is any reproductive cell in a multicellular organism.
glucose homeostasis Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of glucose within an organism or cell.
glucose metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose. D-glucose is dextrorotatory and is sometimes known as dextrose; it is an important source of energy for living organisms and is found free as well as combined in homo- and hetero-oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.
glycogen biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen, a polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucose residues.
glycogen cell differentiation involved in embryonic placenta development The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a glycogen cell of the placenta. A glycogen cell is a vacuolated glycogen-rich cell that appears in compact cell islets of the spongiotrophoblast layer.
I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell through the I-kappaB-kinase (IKK)-dependent activation of NF-kappaB. The cascade begins with activation of a trimeric IKK complex (consisting of catalytic kinase subunits IKKalpha and/or IKKbeta, and the regulatory scaffold protein NEMO) and ends with the regulation of transcription of target genes by NF-kappaB. In a resting state, NF-kappaB dimers are bound to I-kappaB proteins, sequestering NF-kappaB in the cytoplasm. Phosphorylation of I-kappaB targets I-kappaB for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, thus releasing the NF-kappaB dimers, which can translocate to the nucleus to bind DNA and regulate transcription.
inflammatory response The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages.
insulin receptor signaling pathway The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of the insulin receptor binding to insulin.
insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to an insulin-like growth factor receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
interleukin-18-mediated signaling pathway The series of molecular signals initiated by interleukin-18 binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
intracellular signal transduction The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell.
labyrinthine layer blood vessel development The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a blood vessel of the labyrinthine layer of the placenta over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The embryonic vessels grow through the layer to come in close contact with the maternal blood supply.
lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to a receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Lipopolysaccharides are major components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, making them prime targets for recognition by the immune system.
maintenance of protein location in mitochondrion Any process in which a protein is maintained in a specific location in a mitochondrion, and is prevented from moving elsewhere.
mammary gland epithelial cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized epithelial cell becomes a more specialized epithelial cell of the mammary gland.
maternal placenta development Maternally driven process whose specific outcome is the progression of the placenta over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The placenta is an organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, partly of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin.
negative regulation of apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.
negative regulation of autophagy Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of autophagy. Autophagy is the process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm.
negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in the apoptotic process.
negative regulation of endopeptidase activity Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of endopeptidase activity, the endohydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins.
negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand.
negative regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fatty acid beta-oxidation.
negative regulation of gene expression Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA).
negative regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion.
negative regulation of long-chain fatty acid import across plasma membrane Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of plasma membrane long-chain fatty acid transport. Plasma membrane long-chain fatty acid transport is the directed movement of long-chain fatty acids across the plasma membrane.
negative regulation of lymphocyte migration Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte migration.
negative regulation of macroautophagy Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of macroautophagy.
negative regulation of neuron death Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuron death.
negative regulation of Notch signaling pathway Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the Notch signaling pathway.
negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of an oxidative stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.
negative regulation of protein binding Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein binding.
negative regulation of protein kinase activity Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity.
negative regulation of protein kinase activity by protein phosphorylation Any protein phosphorylation process that negatively regulates protein kinase activity.
negative regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of protein serine/threonine kinase activity.
negative regulation of protein ubiquitination Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of ubiquitin groups to a protein.
negative regulation of proteolysis Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein.
negative regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, the process in which cytochrome c is enabled to move from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the cytosol, which is an early step in apoptosis and leads to caspase activation.
NIK/NF-kappaB signaling The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell through the NIK-dependent processing and activation of NF-KappaB. Begins with activation of the NF-KappaB-inducing kinase (NIK), which in turn phosphorylates and activates IkappaB kinase alpha (IKKalpha). IKKalpha phosphorylates the NF-Kappa B2 protein (p100) leading to p100 processing and release of an active NF-KappaB (p52).
nitric oxide biosynthetic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide, nitrogen monoxide (NO), a colorless gas only slightly soluble in water.
osteoblast differentiation The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an osteoblast, a mesodermal or neural crest cell that gives rise to bone.
peptidyl-serine phosphorylation The phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-serine.
peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation The phosphorylation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-threonine.
peripheral nervous system myelin maintenance The process in which the structure and material content of mature peripheral nervous system myelin is kept in a functional state.
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling A series of reactions within the signal-receiving cell, mediated by the intracellular phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). Many cell surface receptor linked signaling pathways signal through PI3K to regulate numerous cellular functions.
phosphorylation The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide.
positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the migration of the endothelial cells of blood vessels.
positive regulation of cell growth Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth.
positive regulation of cell population proliferation Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.
positive regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of CDK activity.
positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription.
positive regulation of endodeoxyribonuclease activity Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endodeoxyribonuclease activity, the hydrolysis of ester linkages within deoxyribonucleic acid by creating internal breaks.
positive regulation of endothelial cell migration Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the orderly movement of an endothelial cell into the extracellular matrix to form an endothelium.
positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of endothelial cell proliferation.
positive regulation of fat cell differentiation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of adipocyte differentiation.
positive regulation of fibroblast migration Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of fibroblast cell migration. Fibroblast cell migration is accomplished by extension and retraction of a pseudopodium.
positive regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle Any signalling pathway that increases or activates a cell cycle cyclin-dependent protein kinase to modulate the switch from G1 phase to S phase of the mitotic cell cycle.
positive regulation of gene expression Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA).
positive regulation of glucose import Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the import of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle.
positive regulation of glucose metabolic process Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of glucose metabolism. Glucose metabolic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose.
positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen.
positive regulation of I-kappaB phosphorylation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of I-kappaB phosphorylation.
positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids.
positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of establishment or extent of a mitochondrial membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any mitochondrial membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.
positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide.
positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity Any process that activates or increases the activity of the enzyme nitric-oxide synthase.
positive regulation of organ growth Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of growth of an organ of an organism.
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine.
positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome.
positive regulation of protein localization to cell surface Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to the cell surface.
positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to nucleus.
positive regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to plasma membrane.
positive regulation of protein phosphorylation Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein.
positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation.
positive regulation of sodium ion transport Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
protein autophosphorylation The phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own amino acid residues (cis-autophosphorylation), or residues on an identical protein (trans-autophosphorylation).
protein catabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds.
protein import into nucleus The directed movement of a protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.
protein kinase B signaling A series of reactions, mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase B (also called AKT), which occurs as a result of a single trigger reaction or compound.
protein phosphorylation The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein.
protein ubiquitination The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein.
regulation of apoptotic process Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process.
regulation of cell migration Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration.
regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen.
regulation of mRNA stability Any process that modulates the propensity of mRNA molecules to degradation. Includes processes that both stabilize and destabilize mRNAs.
regulation of myelination Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of a myelin sheath around nerve axons.
regulation of neuron projection development Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of neuron projection development. Neuron projection development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites).
regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction by p53 class mediator.
regulation of translation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.
regulation of type B pancreatic cell development Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pancreatic B cell development.
response to fluid shear stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a fluid shear stress stimulus. Fluid shear stress is the force acting on an object in a system where the fluid is moving across a solid surface.
response to food Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a food stimulus; food is anything which, when taken into the body, serves to nourish or build up the tissues or to supply body heat.
response to growth factor Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth factor stimulus.
response to growth hormone Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth hormone stimulus. Growth hormone is a peptide hormone that binds to the growth hormone receptor and stimulates growth.
response to heat Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism.
response to insulin-like growth factor stimulus Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin-like growth factor stimulus.
response to oxidative stress Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals.
response to UV-A Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a UV-A radiation stimulus. UV-A radiation (UV-A light) spans the wavelengths 315 to 400 nm.
signal transduction The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.
sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor signaling pathway A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by sphingosine-1-phosphate binding to its receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
striated muscle cell differentiation The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a striated muscle cell; striated muscle fibers are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and voluntary muscle are types of striated muscle.
T cell costimulation The process of providing, via surface-bound receptor-ligand pairs, a second, antigen-independent, signal in addition to that provided by the T cell receptor to augment T cell activation.
TOR signaling The series of molecular signals mediated by TOR (Target of rapamycin) proteins, members of the phosphoinositide (PI) 3-kinase related kinase (PIKK) family that act as serine/threonine kinases in response to nutrient availability or growth factors.

32 homologous proteins in AiPD

UniProt AC Gene Name Protein Name Species Evidence Code
Q01314 AKT1 RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase Bos taurus (Bovine) SS
Q8INB9 Akt RAC serine/threonine-protein kinase Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) SS
O15530 PDPK1 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 Homo sapiens (Human) EV
Q05513 PRKCZ Protein kinase C zeta type Homo sapiens (Human) SS
P41743 PRKCI Protein kinase C iota type Homo sapiens (Human) EV
Q16512 PKN1 Serine/threonine-protein kinase N1 Homo sapiens (Human) EV
Q6P5Z2 PKN3 Serine/threonine-protein kinase N3 Homo sapiens (Human) SS
Q16513 PKN2 Serine/threonine-protein kinase N2 Homo sapiens (Human) EV
P24723 PRKCH Protein kinase C eta type Homo sapiens (Human) SS
Q02156 PRKCE Protein kinase C epsilon type Homo sapiens (Human) SS
Q04759 PRKCQ Protein kinase C theta type Homo sapiens (Human) PR
Q05655 PRKCD Protein kinase C delta type Homo sapiens (Human) SS
P17252 PRKCA Protein kinase C alpha type Homo sapiens (Human) EV
P05129 PRKCG Protein kinase C gamma type Homo sapiens (Human) SS
P05771 PRKCB Protein kinase C beta type Homo sapiens (Human) SS
P31751 AKT2 RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase Homo sapiens (Human) EV SS
Q9Y243 AKT3 RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase Homo sapiens (Human) SS
Q96BR1 SGK3 Serine/threonine-protein kinase Sgk3 Homo sapiens (Human) SS
Q9HBY8 SGK2 Serine/threonine-protein kinase Sgk2 Homo sapiens (Human) SS
O00141 SGK1 Serine/threonine-protein kinase Sgk1 Homo sapiens (Human) PR
Q15208 STK38 Serine/threonine-protein kinase 38 Homo sapiens (Human) EV
Q9Y2H1 STK38L Serine/threonine-protein kinase 38-like Homo sapiens (Human) EV
Q6A1A2 PDPK2P Putative 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 2 Homo sapiens (Human) PR
Q60823 Akt2 RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase Mus musculus (Mouse) PR
Q9WUA6 Akt3 RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase Mus musculus (Mouse) PR
P31750 Akt1 RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase Mus musculus (Mouse) PR
P47197 Akt2 RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase Rattus norvegicus (Rat) SS
Q63484 Akt3 RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase Rattus norvegicus (Rat) PR
P47196 Akt1 RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase Rattus norvegicus (Rat) PR
Q9XTG7 akt-2 Serine/threonine-protein kinase akt-2 Caenorhabditis elegans SS
Q17941 akt-1 Serine/threonine-protein kinase akt-1 Caenorhabditis elegans PR
Q9SUA3 D6PKL1 Serine/threonine-protein kinase D6PKL1 Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) PR
10 20 30 40 50 60
MSDVAIVKEG WLHKRGEYIK TWRPRYFLLK NDGTFIGYKE RPQDVDQREA PLNNFSVAQC
70 80 90 100 110 120
QLMKTERPRP NTFIIRCLQW TTVIERTFHV ETPEEREEWT TAIQTVADGL KKQEEEEMDF
130 140 150 160 170 180
RSGSPSDNSG AEEMEVSLAK PKHRVTMNEF EYLKLLGKGT FGKVILVKEK ATGRYYAMKI
190 200 210 220 230 240
LKKEVIVAKD EVAHTLTENR VLQNSRHPFL TALKYSFQTH DRLCFVMEYA NGGELFFHLS
250 260 270 280 290 300
RERVFSEDRA RFYGAEIVSA LDYLHSEKNV VYRDLKLENL MLDKDGHIKI TDFGLCKEGI
310 320 330 340 350 360
KDGATMKTFC GTPEYLAPEV LEDNDYGRAV DWWGLGVVMY EMMCGRLPFY NQDHEKLFEL
370 380 390 400 410 420
ILMEEIRFPR TLGPEAKSLL SGLLKKDPKQ RLGGGSEDAK EIMQHRFFAG IVWQHVYEKK
430 440 450 460 470
LSPPFKPQVT SETDTRYFDE EFTAQMITIT PPDQDDSMEC VDSERRPHFP QFSYSASGTA