P16568
Gene name |
BicD (CG6605) |
Protein name |
Protein bicaudal D |
Names |
|
Species |
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) |
KEGG Pathway |
dme:Dmel_CG6605 |
EC number |
|
Protein Class |
|
Descriptions
BicD, or Bicaudal D, is a dynein adaptor protein that facilitates cytoplasmic dynein’s minus-end directed transport along microtubules. It recognizes cargo for dynein-dependent transport. In the absence of cargo, BicD adopts an autoinhibited conformation where the C-terminal cargo binding region (CTD) binds to the N-terminal dynein/dynactin-binding site, preventing motor binding and activation. The F684I mutation in BicD disrupts this autoinhibition, allowing dynein processivity even without cargo. This mutation causes a coiled-coil registry shift in the CTD, leading to structural flexibility and multiple conformations. In addition, cargo binding to BicD’s CTD releases autoinhibition, enabling dynein recruitment and processive transport. The F684I mutant mimics this activated state without needing cargo.
Autoinhibitory domains (AIDs)
Target domain |
6-304 (N-terminal dynein/dynactin-binding site, CC1) |
Relief mechanism |
Partner binding |
Assay |
Structural analysis, Mutagenesis experiment, Deletion assay |
Accessory elements
No accessory elements
Autoinhibited structure
Activated structure
3 structures for P16568
| Entry ID | Method | Resolution | Chain | Position | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4BL6 | X-ray | 218 A | A/B/C/D | 656-745 | PDB |
| 6TZW | X-ray | 235 A | A/B | 656-745 | PDB |
| AF-P16568-F1 | Predicted | AlphaFoldDB |
No variants for P16568
| Variant ID(s) | Position | Change | Description | Diseaes Association | Provenance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No variants for P16568 | |||||
No associated diseases with P16568
No regional properties for P16568
| Type | Name | Position | InterPro Accession |
|---|---|---|---|
| No domain, repeats, and functional sites for P16568 | |||
5 GO annotations of cellular component
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| cytoplasm | The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. |
| cytoskeleton | A cellular structure that forms the internal framework of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. The cytoskeleton includes intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles. |
| cytosol | The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. |
| Golgi apparatus | A membrane-bound cytoplasmic organelle of the endomembrane system that further processes the core oligosaccharides (e.g. N-glycans) added to proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum and packages them into membrane-bound vesicles. The Golgi apparatus operates at the intersection of the secretory, lysosomal, and endocytic pathways. |
| presynapse | The part of a synapse that is part of the presynaptic cell. |
5 GO annotations of molecular function
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| clathrin heavy chain binding | Binding to a clathrin heavy chain. |
| cytoskeletal anchor activity | The binding activity of a protein that brings together a cytoskeletal protein (either a microtubule or actin filament, spindle pole body, or protein directly bound to them) and one or more other molecules, permitting them to function in a coordinated way. |
| dynactin binding | Binding to a dynactin complex; a large protein complex that activates dynein-based motor activity. |
| dynein complex binding | Binding to a dynein complex, a protein complex that contains two or three dynein heavy chains and several light chains, and has microtubule motor activity. |
| small GTPase binding | Binding to a small monomeric GTPase. |
17 GO annotations of biological process
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| cellular macromolecule localization | Any process in which a macromolecule is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location at the level of a cell. Localization at the cellular level encompasses movement within the cell, from within the cell to the cell surface, or from one location to another at the surface of a cell. |
| germarium-derived egg chamber formation | Construction of a stage-1 egg chamber in the anterior part of the germarium, from the progeny of germ-line and somatic stem cells. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. |
| germarium-derived oocyte fate determination | The cell fate determination process in which a germarium-derived cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an oocyte cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. |
| intracellular mRNA localization | Any process in which mRNA is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location within the cell. |
| microtubule anchoring at microtubule organizing center | Any process in which a microtubule is maintained in a specific location in a cell by attachment to a microtubule organizing center. |
| mRNA transport | The directed movement of mRNA, messenger ribonucleic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. |
| oocyte axis specification | The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of an axis in the oocyte. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. |
| oocyte microtubule cytoskeleton polarization | Establishment and maintenance of a specific axis of polarity of the oocyte microtubule network. The axis is set so that the minus and plus ends of the microtubules of the mid stage oocyte are positioned along the anterior cortex and at the posterior pole, respectively. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. |
| oocyte nucleus migration involved in oocyte dorsal/ventral axis specification | The directed movement of the oocyte nucleus within the cell as part of the establishment and maintenance of the dorsal/ventral axis of the oocyte. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster. |
| oogenesis | The complete process of formation and maturation of an ovum or female gamete from a primordial female germ cell. Examples of this process are found in Mus musculus and Drosophila melanogaster. |
| positive regulation of clathrin-dependent endocytosis | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. |
| positive regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. |
| protein localization to organelle | A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within an organelle. |
| regulation of endocytosis | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endocytosis. |
| regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising microtubules and their associated proteins. |
| RNA transport | The directed movement of RNA, ribonucleic acids, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. |
| synaptic vesicle endocytosis | A vesicle-mediated transport process, in which the synaptic vesicle membrane constituents are retrieved from the presynaptic membrane on the axon terminal after neurotransmitter secretion by exocytosis. Synaptic vesicle endocytosis can occur via clathrin-dependent and clathrin-independent mechanisms. |
4 homologous proteins in AiPD
| UniProt AC | Gene Name | Protein Name | Species | Evidence Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q96G01 | BICD1 | Protein bicaudal D homolog 1 | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| Q8TD16 | BICD2 | Protein bicaudal D homolog 2 | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| Q8BR07 | Bicd1 | Protein bicaudal D homolog 1 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | EV |
| Q921C5 | Bicd2 | Protein bicaudal D homolog 2 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 |
| MSSASNNGPS | ADQSVQDLQM | EVERLTRELD | QVSSASAQSA | QYGLSLLEEK | SALQQKCEEL |
| 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 |
| ETLYDNTRHE | LDITQEALTK | FQTSQKVTNK | TGIEQEDALL | NESAARETSL | NLQIFDLENE |
| 130 | 140 | 150 | 160 | 170 | 180 |
| LKQLRHELER | VRNERDRMLQ | ENSDFGRDKS | DSEADRLRLK | SELKDLKFRE | TRMLSEYSEL |
| 190 | 200 | 210 | 220 | 230 | 240 |
| EEENISLQKQ | VSSLRSSQVE | FEGAKHEIRR | LTEEVELLNQ | QVDELANLKK | IAEKQMEEAL |
| 250 | 260 | 270 | 280 | 290 | 300 |
| ETLQGEREAK | YALKKELDGH | LNRESMYHIS | NLAYSIRSNM | EDNASNNSDG | EEENLALKRL |
| 310 | 320 | 330 | 340 | 350 | 360 |
| EADLSTELKS | PDGTKCDLFS | EIHLNELKKL | EKQLESMESE | KTHLTANLRE | AQTSLDKSQN |
| 370 | 380 | 390 | 400 | 410 | 420 |
| ELQNFMSRLA | LLAAHVDALV | QLKKQIDVKE | QGKEGGQKKD | ELEQQLRALI | SQYANWFTLS |
| 430 | 440 | 450 | 460 | 470 | 480 |
| AKEIDGLKTD | IAELQKGLNY | TDATTTLRNE | VTNLKNKLLA | TEQKSLDLQS | DVQTLTHISQ |
| 490 | 500 | 510 | 520 | 530 | 540 |
| NAGQSLGSAR | STLVALSDDL | AQLYHLVCTV | NGETPTRVLL | DHKTDDMSFE | NDSLTAIQSQ |
| 550 | 560 | 570 | 580 | 590 | 600 |
| FKSDVFIAKP | QIVEDLQGLA | DSVEIKKYVD | TVSDQIKYLK | TAVEHTIDMN | KHKIRSEGGD |
| 610 | 620 | 630 | 640 | 650 | 660 |
| ALEKVNTEEM | EELQEQIVKL | KSLLSVKREQ | IGTLRNVLKS | NKQTAEVALT | NLKSKYENEK |
| 670 | 680 | 690 | 700 | 710 | 720 |
| IIVSDTMSKL | RNELRLLKED | AATFSSLRAM | FAARCEEYVT | QVDDLNRQLE | AAEEEKKTLN |
| 730 | 740 | 750 | 760 | 770 | 780 |
| QLLRLAVQQK | LALTQRLEEM | EMDREMRHVR | RPMPAQRGTS | GKSSFSTRPS | SRNPASSNAN |
| PF |