P08642
SS
Gene name |
HRAS (HRAS1) |
Protein name |
GTPase HRas |
Names |
EC 3.6.5.2 , H-Ras-1 , Transforming protein p21 , c-H-ras , p21ras [Cleaved into: GTPase HRas, N-terminally processed] |
Species |
Gallus gallus (Chicken) |
KEGG Pathway |
gga:396229 |
EC number |
3.6.5.2: Acting on GTP; involved in cellular and subcellular movement |
Protein Class |
|
Descriptions
Ras proteins are small GTPases that act as signal transducers between cell surface receptors and several intracellular signaling cascades. They contain highly homologous catalytic domains and flexible C-terminal hypervariable regions (HVRs) that differ across Ras isoforms. KRAS is among the most frequently mutated oncogenes in human tumors. The C-terminal HVR of K-Ras4B directly interacts with the active site of the protein. HVR binding interferes with Ras-Raf interaction, modulates binding to phospholipids, and slightly slows down nucleotide exchange.
Autoinhibitory domains (AIDs)
Target domain |
1-166 (Catalytic domain) |
Relief mechanism |
Ligand binding |
Assay |
|
Accessory elements
No accessory elements
References
- Chavan TS et al. (2015) "High-Affinity Interaction of the K-Ras4B Hypervariable Region with the Ras Active Site", Biophysical journal, 109, 2602-2613
- Jang H et al. (2016) "The higher level of complexity of K-Ras4B activation at the membrane", FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 30, 1643-55
- Chakrabarti M et al. (2016) "Comparison of the Conformations of KRAS Isoforms, K-Ras4A and K-Ras4B, Points to Similarities and Significant Differences", The journal of physical chemistry. B, 120, 667-79
Autoinhibited structure
Activated structure
1 structures for P08642
| Entry ID | Method | Resolution | Chain | Position | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AF-P08642-F1 | Predicted | AlphaFoldDB |
6 variants for P08642
| Variant ID(s) | Position | Change | Description | Diseaes Association | Provenance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rs732516993 | 14 | V>G | No | EVA | |
| rs734024337 | 17 | S>R | No | EVA | |
| rs317301192 | 49 | E>G | No | EVA | |
| rs741114247 | 62 | E>G | No | EVA | |
| rs732187211 | 63 | E>G | No | EVA | |
| rs737449462 | 163 | I>T | No | EVA |
No associated diseases with P08642
1 regional properties for P08642
| Type | Name | Position | InterPro Accession |
|---|---|---|---|
| domain | Small GTP-binding protein domain | 1 - 159 | IPR005225 |
Functions
| Description | ||
|---|---|---|
| EC Number | 3.6.5.2 | Acting on GTP; involved in cellular and subcellular movement |
| Subcellular Localization |
|
|
| PANTHER Family | ||
| PANTHER Subfamily | ||
| PANTHER Protein Class | ||
| PANTHER Pathway Category | No pathway information available | |
6 GO annotations of cellular component
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| cytosol | The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. |
| glutamatergic synapse | A synapse that uses glutamate as a neurotransmitter. |
| Golgi membrane | The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus. |
| GTPase complex | A protein complex which is capable of GTPase activity. |
| nucleoplasm | That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus. |
| plasma membrane | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. |
5 GO annotations of molecular function
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| G protein activity | A molecular function regulator that cycles between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states. In its active state, binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular processes. Intrinsic GTPase activity returns the G protein to its GDP-bound state. The return to the GDP-bound state can be accelerated by the action of a GTPase-activating protein (GAP). |
| GDP binding | Binding to GDP, guanosine 5'-diphosphate. |
| GTP binding | Binding to GTP, guanosine triphosphate. |
| GTPase activity | Catalysis of the reaction |
| protein-membrane adaptor activity | The binding activity of a molecule that brings together a protein or a protein complex with a membrane, or bringing together two membranes, either via membrane lipid binding or by interacting with a membrane protein, to establish or maintain the localization of the protein, protein complex or organelle. |
33 GO annotations of biological process
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| adipose tissue development | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of adipose tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Adipose tissue is specialized tissue that is used to store fat. |
| cellular response to gamma radiation | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gamma radiation stimulus. Gamma radiation is a form of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) or light emission of a specific frequency produced from sub-atomic particle interaction, such as electron-positron annihilation and radioactive decay. Gamma rays are generally characterized as EMR having the highest frequency and energy, and also the shortest wavelength, within the electromagnetic radiation spectrum. |
| defense response to protozoan | Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a protozoan that act to protect the cell or organism. |
| endocytosis | A vesicle-mediated transport process in which cells take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a part of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle. |
| fibroblast proliferation | The multiplication or reproduction of fibroblast cells, resulting in the expansion of the fibroblast population. |
| insulin receptor signaling pathway | The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of the insulin receptor binding to insulin. |
| intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway | The series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with reception of an intracellular signal (e.g. DNA damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress etc.), and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. The intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway is crucially regulated by permeabilization of the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOMP). |
| myelination | The process in which myelin sheaths are formed and maintained around neurons. Oligodendrocytes in the brain and spinal cord and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system wrap axons with compact layers of their plasma membrane. Adjacent myelin segments are separated by a non-myelinated stretch of axon called a node of Ranvier. |
| negative regulation of cell population proliferation | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation. |
| negative regulation of gene expression | Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). |
| negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in neurons. |
| neuron apoptotic process | Any apoptotic process in a neuron, the basic cellular unit of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system. |
| oncogene-induced cell senescence | A cellular senescence process associated with the dismantling of a cell as a response to oncogenic stress, such as the activation of the Ras oncogenic family. |
| positive regulation of cell migration | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration. |
| positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation | Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation. |
| positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade. |
| positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of multiplication or reproduction of fibroblast cells. |
| positive regulation of JNK cascade | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the JNK cascade. |
| positive regulation of miRNA metabolic process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of miRNA metabolic process. |
| positive regulation of protein phosphorylation | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein. |
| positive regulation of protein targeting to membrane | Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the process of directing proteins towards a membrane, usually using signals contained within the protein. |
| positive regulation of ruffle assembly | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ruffle assembly. |
| positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. |
| positive regulation of type II interferon production | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-gamma production. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon. |
| positive regulation of wound healing | Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury. |
| Ras protein signal transduction | The series of molecular signals within the cell that are mediated by a member of the Ras superfamily of proteins switching to a GTP-bound active state. |
| regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins. |
| regulation of cell cycle | Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle. |
| regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity | A process that modulates long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change long-term as circumstances require. Long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity generally involves increase or decrease in actual synapse numbers. |
| regulation of neurotransmitter receptor localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neurotransmitter receptor localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane. |
| Schwann cell development | The process aimed at the progression of a Schwann cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. Schwann cells are found in the peripheral nervous system, where they insulate neurons and axons, and regulate the environment in which neurons function. |
| T cell receptor signaling pathway | The series of molecular signals initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a T cell. |
| T-helper 1 type immune response | An immune response which is associated with resistance to intracellular bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, and pathological conditions such as arthritis, and which is typically orchestrated by the production of particular cytokines by T-helper 1 cells, most notably interferon-gamma, IL-2, and lymphotoxin. |
34 homologous proteins in AiPD
| UniProt AC | Gene Name | Protein Name | Species | Evidence Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| P11233 | RALA | Ras-related protein Ral-A | Homo sapiens (Human) | PR |
| Q6T310 | RASL11A | Ras-like protein family member 11A | Homo sapiens (Human) | PR |
| P01116 | KRAS | GTPase KRas | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| P62070 | RRAS2 | Ras-related protein R-Ras2 | Homo sapiens (Human) | PR |
| Q8IYK8 | REM2 | GTP-binding protein REM 2 | Homo sapiens (Human) | PR |
| P11234 | RALB | Ras-related protein Ral-B | Homo sapiens (Human) | PR |
| P55040 | GEM | GTP-binding protein GEM | Homo sapiens (Human) | PR |
| Q99578 | RIT2 | GTP-binding protein Rit2 | Homo sapiens (Human) | PR |
| Q6IQ22 | RAB12 | Ras-related protein Rab-12 | Homo sapiens (Human) | PR |
| Q9BU20 | CPLANE2 | Ciliogenesis and planar polarity effector 2 | Homo sapiens (Human) | PR |
| Q96HU8 | DIRAS2 | GTP-binding protein Di-Ras2 | Homo sapiens (Human) | PR |
| P01112 | HRAS | GTPase HRas | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| Q9JIW9 | Ralb | Ras-related protein Ral-B | Mus musculus (Mouse) | PR |
| P32883 | Kras | GTPase KRas | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| O08989 | Mras | Ras-related protein M-Ras | Mus musculus (Mouse) | PR |
| Q5PR73 | Diras2 | GTP-binding protein Di-Ras2 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | PR |
| Q91Z61 | Diras1 | GTP-binding protein Di-Ras1 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | PR |
| P62071 | Rras2 | Ras-related protein R-Ras2 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | PR |
| P35283 | Rab12 | Ras-related protein Rab-12 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | PR |
| Q08AT1 | Rasl12 | Ras-like protein family member 12 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | PR |
| A2A825 | Cplane2 | Ciliogenesis and planar polarity effector 2 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | PR |
| P55041 | Gem | GTP-binding protein GEM | Mus musculus (Mouse) | PR |
| P70425 | Rit2 | GTP-binding protein Rit2 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | PR |
| Q8VEL9 | Rem2 | GTP-binding protein REM 2 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | PR |
| Q61411 | Hras | GTPase HRas | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| P36860 | Ralb | Ras-related protein Ral-B | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | PR |
| P08644 | Kras | GTPase KRas | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | SS |
| Q9WTY2 | Rem2 | GTP-binding protein REM 2 | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | PR |
| Q5BJQ5 | Rit2 | GTP-binding protein Rit2 | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | PR |
| P97538 | Mras | Ras-related protein M-Ras | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | PR |
| P20171 | Hras | GTPase HRas | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | SS |
| B7ZTR0 | cplane2 | Ciliogenesis and planar polarity effector 2 | Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (Silurana tropicalis) | PR |
| P79737 | nras | GTPase NRas | Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (Brachydanio rerio) | SS |
| A1DZY4 | zgc:110179 | Ras-like protein family member 11A-like | Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (Brachydanio rerio) | PR |
| 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 |
| MTEYKLVVVG | AGGVGKSALT | IQLIQNHFVD | EYDPTIEDSY | RKQVVIDGET | CLLDILDTAG |
| 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 |
| QEEYSAMRDQ | YMRTGEGFLC | VFAINNTKSF | EDIHQYREQI | KRVKDSDDVP | MVLVGNKCDL |
| 130 | 140 | 150 | 160 | 170 | 180 |
| PARTVETRQA | QDLARSYGIP | YIETSAKTRQ | GVEDAFYTLV | REIRQHKLRK | LNPPDESGPG |
| CMNCKCVIS |