P04695
SS
Gene name |
GNAT1 |
Protein name |
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G |
Names |
t subunit alpha-1 , Transducin alpha-1 chain |
Species |
Bos taurus (Bovine) |
KEGG Pathway |
bta:281794 |
EC number |
|
Protein Class |
|
Descriptions
Gαi1 is a G-protein alpha subunit that plays a crucial role in signal transduction pathway initiated by G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) activation. G proteins function as transducers downstream of GPCRs in numerous signaling cascades. The alpha subunit contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and alternates between an active (GTP-bound state) and an inactive (GDP-bound state). Activated GPCR induces conformational change in Gαi1, which allows for GDP-to-GTP exchange by binding to the GPCR-binding site within a Ras-like domain, leading to dissociation of the Gαi1 subunit and initiation of downstream signaling.
Autoinhibitory domains (AIDs)
Target domain |
180-344 (Ras-like domain) |
Relief mechanism |
Ligand binding, Partner binding |
Assay |
|
Accessory elements
No accessory elements
References
- Goricanec D et al. (2016) "Conformational dynamics of a G-protein α subunit is tightly regulated by nucleotide binding", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 113, E3629-38
- Coleman DE et al. (1999) "Structure of Gialpha1.GppNHp, autoinhibition in a galpha protein-substrate complex", The Journal of biological chemistry, 274, 16669-72
- Lutz S et al. (2007) "Structure of Galphaq-p63RhoGEF-RhoA complex reveals a pathway for the activation of RhoA by GPCRs", Science (New York, N.Y.), 318, 1923-7
Autoinhibited structure
Activated structure
18 structures for P04695
| Entry ID | Method | Resolution | Chain | Position | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1AQG | NMR | - | A | 340-350 | PDB |
| 1FQJ | X-ray | 202 A | PDB | ||
| 1FQK | X-ray | 230 A | PDB | ||
| 1GOT | X-ray | 200 A | A | 1-350 | PDB |
| 1LVZ | NMR | - | A | 340-350 | PDB |
| 1TAD | X-ray | 170 A | A/B/C | 27-350 | PDB |
| 1TAG | X-ray | 180 A | A | 27-350 | PDB |
| 1TND | X-ray | 220 A | A/B/C | 27-350 | PDB |
| 2X72 | X-ray | 300 A | B | 340-350 | PDB |
| 3DQB | X-ray | 320 A | B | 340-350 | PDB |
| 3PQR | X-ray | 285 A | B | 340-350 | PDB |
| 3V00 | X-ray | 290 A | PDB | ||
| 4BEY | X-ray | 290 A | B | 340-350 | PDB |
| 4J4Q | X-ray | 265 A | B | 340-350 | PDB |
| 6OY9 | EM | 390 A | A | 1-350 | PDB |
| 6OYA | EM | 330 A | A | 1-350 | PDB |
| 7JSN | EM | 320 A | E/F | 1-350 | PDB |
| AF-P04695-F1 | Predicted | AlphaFoldDB |
No variants for P04695
| Variant ID(s) | Position | Change | Description | Diseaes Association | Provenance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No variants for P04695 | |||||
No associated diseases with P04695
No regional properties for P04695
| Type | Name | Position | InterPro Accession |
|---|---|---|---|
| No domain, repeats, and functional sites for P04695 | |||
Functions
6 GO annotations of cellular component
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| cytoplasm | The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. |
| G protein-coupled receptor complex | A protein complex that contains G protein-coupled receptors. |
| heterotrimeric G-protein complex | Any of a family of heterotrimeric GTP-binding and hydrolyzing proteins; they belong to a superfamily of GTPases that includes monomeric proteins such as EF-Tu and RAS. Heterotrimeric G-proteins consist of three subunits; the alpha subunit contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and possesses GTPase activity; the beta and gamma subunits are tightly associated and function as a beta-gamma heterodimer; extrinsic plasma membrane proteins (cytoplasmic face) that function as a complex to transduce signals from G protein-coupled receptors to an effector protein. |
| photoreceptor disc membrane | Stack of disc membranes located inside a photoreceptor outer segment, and containing densely packed molecules of photoreceptor proteins that traverse the lipid bilayer. Disc membranes arise as evaginations of the ciliary membrane during the development of the outer segment and may or may not remain contiguous with the ciliary membrane. |
| photoreceptor inner segment | The inner segment of a vertebrate photoreceptor containing mitochondria, ribosomes and membranes where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment discs. |
| photoreceptor outer segment membrane | The membrane surrounding the outer segment of a vertebrate photoreceptor. |
8 GO annotations of molecular function
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| acyl binding | Binding to an acyl group, any group formally derived by removal of the hydroxyl group from the acid function of a carboxylic acid. |
| G protein-coupled receptor binding | Binding to a G protein-coupled receptor. |
| G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding | Binding to a complex of G-protein beta/gamma subunits. |
| GDP binding | Binding to GDP, guanosine 5'-diphosphate. |
| GTP binding | Binding to GTP, guanosine triphosphate. |
| GTPase activity | Catalysis of the reaction |
| metal ion binding | Binding to a metal ion. |
| protein kinase binding | Binding to a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate. |
6 GO annotations of biological process
| Name | Definition |
|---|---|
| adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway | A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway in which the signal is transmitted via the activation or inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity and a subsequent change in the intracellular concentration of cyclic AMP (cAMP). |
| detection of light stimulus involved in visual perception | The series of events involved in visual perception in which a light stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. |
| negative regulation of cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity | Any process that stops or reduces the rate of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity, the catalysis of the reaction |
| phototransduction | The sequence of reactions within a cell required to convert absorbed photons into a molecular signal. |
| phototransduction, visible light | The sequence of reactions within a cell required to convert absorbed photons from visible light into a molecular signal. A visible light stimulus is electromagnetic radiation that can be perceived visually by an organism; for organisms lacking a visual system, this can be defined as light with a wavelength within the range 380 to 780 nm. |
| response to light stimulus | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a light stimulus, electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths classified as infrared, visible or ultraviolet light. |
58 homologous proteins in AiPD
| UniProt AC | Gene Name | Protein Name | Species | Evidence Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| P04696 | GNAT2 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Bos taurus (Bovine) | SS |
| P08239 | GNAO1 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Bos taurus (Bovine) | SS |
| P0C7Q4 | GNAT3 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Bos taurus (Bovine) | SS |
| P63097 | GNAI1 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Bos taurus (Bovine) | SS |
| P38408 | GNA14 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-14 | Bos taurus (Bovine) | PR |
| P04896 | GNAS | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms short | Bos taurus (Bovine) | PR |
| P50147 | GNAI2 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Gallus gallus (Chicken) | SS |
| P50146 | GNAI1 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Gallus gallus (Chicken) | SS |
| P20353 | Galphai | G protein alpha i subunit | Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) | SS |
| P16378 | Galphao | G protein alpha o subunit | Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) | SS |
| P25157 | cta | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha homolog | Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) | SS |
| P19087 | GNAT2 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| P09471 | GNAO1 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| Q03113 | GNA12 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-12 | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| P04899 | GNAI2 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| P63096 | GNAI1 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Homo sapiens (Human) | EV |
| P08754 | GNAI3 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| A8MTJ3 | GNAT3 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| Q14344 | GNA13 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-13 | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| P19086 | GNAZ | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| P11488 | GNAT1 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Homo sapiens (Human) | SS |
| Q9DC51 | Gnai3 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| P27600 | Gna12 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-12 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| P27601 | Gna13 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-13 | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| Q3V3I2 | Gnat3 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| O70443 | Gnaz | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| P50149 | Gnat2 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| P08752 | Gnai2 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| B2RSH2 | Gnai1 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| P18872 | Gnao1 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| P20612 | Gnat1 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Mus musculus (Mouse) | SS |
| P93564 | GPA1 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-1 subunit | Solanum tuberosum (Potato) | SS |
| Q63210 | Gna12 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-12 | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | SS |
| P19627 | Gnaz | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | SS |
| P29348 | Gnat3 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | SS |
| P04897 | Gnai2 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | SS |
| P59215 | Gnao1 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | SS |
| P08753 | Gnai3 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | SS |
| Q6Q7Y5 | Gna13 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-13 | Rattus norvegicus (Rat) | SS |
| Q0DJ33 | GPA1 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-1 subunit | Oryza sativa subsp. japonica (Rice) | SS |
| P51875 | goa-1 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G | Caenorhabditis elegans | SS |
| Q18434 | odr-3 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-17 subunit | Caenorhabditis elegans | SS |
| Q9BIG4 | gpa-10 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-10 subunit | Caenorhabditis elegans | PR |
| P28052 | gpa-3 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-3 subunit | Caenorhabditis elegans | SS |
| Q9XTB2 | gpa-13 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-13 subunit | Caenorhabditis elegans | SS |
| Q9BIG5 | gpa-4 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-4 subunit | Caenorhabditis elegans | SS |
| P28051 | gpa-1 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-1 subunit | Caenorhabditis elegans | SS |
| Q9N2V6 | gpa-16 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-16 subunit | Caenorhabditis elegans | SS |
| P91907 | gpa-15 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-15 subunit | Caenorhabditis elegans | SS |
| Q20907 | gpa-8 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-8 subunit | Caenorhabditis elegans | PR |
| Q21917 | gpa-7 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-7 subunit | Caenorhabditis elegans | SS |
| Q93743 | gpa-6 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-6 subunit | Caenorhabditis elegans | SS |
| O76584 | gpa-11 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-11 subunit | Caenorhabditis elegans | SS |
| P49084 | GPA1 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-1 subunit | Glycine max (Soybean) (Glycine hispida) | SS |
| P93163 | GPA2 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-2 subunit | Glycine max (Soybean) (Glycine hispida) | SS |
| O80462 | XLG1 | Extra-large guanine nucleotide-binding protein 1 | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | PR |
| P18064 | GPA1 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-1 subunit | Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) | SS |
| P26981 | GPA1 | Guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-1 subunit | Solanum lycopersicum (Tomato) (Lycopersicon esculentum) | SS |
| 10 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 |
| MGAGASAEEK | HSRELEKKLK | EDAEKDARTV | KLLLLGAGES | GKSTIVKQMK | IIHQDGYSLE |
| 70 | 80 | 90 | 100 | 110 | 120 |
| ECLEFIAIIY | GNTLQSILAI | VRAMTTLNIQ | YGDSARQDDA | RKLMHMADTI | EEGTMPKEMS |
| 130 | 140 | 150 | 160 | 170 | 180 |
| DIIQRLWKDS | GIQACFDRAS | EYQLNDSAGY | YLSDLERLVT | PGYVPTEQDV | LRSRVKTTGI |
| 190 | 200 | 210 | 220 | 230 | 240 |
| IETQFSFKDL | NFRMFDVGGQ | RSERKKWIHC | FEGVTCIIFI | AALSAYDMVL | VEDDEVNRMH |
| 250 | 260 | 270 | 280 | 290 | 300 |
| ESLHLFNSIC | NHRYFATTSI | VLFLNKKDVF | SEKIKKAHLS | ICFPDYNGPN | TYEDAGNYIK |
| 310 | 320 | 330 | 340 | ||
| VQFLELNMRR | DVKEIYSHMT | CATDTQNVKF | VFDAVTDIII | KENLKDCGLF |